https://wiki.kptree.net/ 2026-04-24T12:05:40+00:00 https://wiki.kptree.net/ https://wiki.kptree.net/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=wiki:dokuwiki.svg text/html 2026-04-03T14:43:15+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-nextcloud&rev=1775227395&do=diff linux docker nextcloud mysql mariadb Nextcloud Container Nextcloud publishes their own Docker container of Nextcloud. The Nextcloud image on Docker hub is maintained by the Nextcloud community, and is not officially supported by Nextcloud! Linuxserver.io, as well as some others also have Nextcloud containers on Docker Hub. text/html 2025-08-10T12:30:03+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=tech_notes:pikvm&rev=1754829003&do=diff linux kvm ipmi pikvm bmc PiKVM I purchased a PiKVM kit in 2021, and got it operational at that time. I did not need to use it until recently, 2024-09. Basically a special 'hat' is mounted on a standard Raspberry Pi 4, the smallest memory unit type being sufficient (2 GB). The kit was complete with all the required parts, such as the hat, Raspberry PI, a case, small OLED display and various cables. The PiKVM is V3 HAT with RPi V4 2GB. text/html 2025-11-22T03:58:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:bash&rev=1763783897&do=diff linux bash alias tar bash_aliases configure configuration bashrc command script bashrc history sudo visudo dimmer ps kill nightmode xrandr tar archive default_editor editor BASH Customisation The standard BASH colour configuration uses a blue colour for listing directories (ls) which is difficult to read on a black background. While this is the “standard colour”, due to the impracticality I have decided to change it. text/html 2024-12-15T03:35:46+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:dns_dhcp&rev=1734233746&do=diff linux router dns dhcp bind ip ipv6 radvd host dig nslookup DHCP / DNS Setup Outdated I have moved my DNS and DHCP servers to Docker, Docker-DNS Server. I am still using ISC_Bind9, but am now using ISC_Kea for DHCP as ISC_Bind is no longer supported as of 2022. tl;dr; Further to this I am not looking at backups for both these services on my local area network. Whilst these services worked reliably well, when ever I shutdown the the router with text/html 2026-02-15T00:37:24+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-dns&rev=1771115844&do=diff linux docker dns bind9 Docker - DNS Server What Is DNS and How Does It Work – A Comprehensive Guide I have been using Bind9 as my home LAN DNS for the past few years. I originally operated it on bare metal on my home router computer. In mid 2023 I successfully moved my Bind9 primary instance to my main home server in a container and created a slave instance in a container running on my home router computer. I created a Docker Bind9 Image using base Docker Alpine Linux images, with S6 init s… text/html 2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:conky&rev=1682847793&do=diff conkey linux debian manjaro setup monitor Conky Conky is a Linux system monitor tool using X Windows. Conky is highly configurable and is able to monitor many system variables including the status of the CPU, memory, swap space, disk storage, temperatures, processes, network interfaces, battery power, system messages, e-mail in-boxes Linux updates, runs many popular music players, and much more. Unlike system monitors that use high-level widget tool-kits to render their information, Conky i… text/html 2024-03-24T08:01:21+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:email_server&rev=1711267281&do=diff linux mail server email postfix dovecot emailserver debian ubuntu horde postfixadmin admin clamav apache roundcube webmail certbot certificate KPTree - Email Server Setup Email Server Notes Setting up the email server on my home server was probably the most difficult task. Email server setup is intricate, risky and involves significant commitment and effort to setup reliably and maintain. text/html 2024-12-07T03:13:35+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:web_server_setup&rev=1733541215&do=diff linux debian apache apache2 httpd web server php certbot letsencrypt nextcloud cloud vm virtual machine kvm proxy reverse proxy gid uid vipw vigr group id user id Web Server setup Basic Web Server setup on VM I am moving away from Ubuntu to Debian. I find the instruction for here are good to setup a basic web server Digitalocean's LAMP on Debian 11 and Computing for Geeks LAMP on Debian. Old, tl;dr; The main reference used is Unixmen - How To Install LAMP Stack On Ubuntu 16.04, for the bas… text/html 2025-09-29T05:35:59+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:misc&rev=1759124159&do=diff linux dmesg command systemd journal journalctl tzdata timezone apt upgrade update install remove crontab man apropos tldr ip tc systemctl journalctl pbcopy pbpaste copy paste Commonly used commands and scripts dmesg sudo dmesg lists the OS boot messages between grub and os up. sudo dmesg --level=emerg,alert,crit,err,warn,notice,debug give a more succinct list of focus potential problem issues. * emerg - system is unusable text/html 2023-12-26T03:36:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:apt&rev=1703561777&do=diff linux debian package apt apt-get update upgrade distribution apt package management I recently had a sudo apt upgrade error along the lines of: mariadb-server : Depends: mariadb-server-10.3 (>= 1:10.3.25-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) but 1:10.3.23+maria~bionic is installed Basically the apt / dpkg package manger got confused with the old distribution installation. I suspect this only happen as I updated the distribution from Ubuntu 18.04 to 20.04. Basically the text/html 2025-04-06T07:41:58+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:manjaro&rev=1743925318&do=diff linux manjaro arch archlinux vuescan flatpak davfs cups printing print Manjaro Setup Notes I tried Manjaro circa 2019 for a couple of years as my main Linux Desktop. I had no major problems with it. An occasional minor problem this nVidia graphic card and some minor issues with updates. Having used Debian / Ubuntu the past 10 years on servers I decided to switch to Debian testing desk top with XFCE. Debian testing basically give a similar level of latest updates as Manjaro/Arch. I have not … text/html 2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:media_vm_setup&rev=1682847793&do=diff deluge torrent server openvpn btguard nftables iptables systemd virtual machine linux ubuntu KPTree Torrent VM Setup Deluge Headless setup The main reference used is Havetheknowhow.com, specifically for the deluge headless setup, Havetheknowhow.com - How to install Deluge Headless. The Deluge support page is also a root source of knowledge Deluge systemd. Whatbox Deluge also has some interesting dialog. If installing on a virtual machine (VM) it is important to also have set up the NFS to al… text/html 2026-03-16T07:04:18+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:mswindows_notes&rev=1773644658&do=diff mswindows windows setup tip notes personal license powertoys KPTree - Home Desktop Setup Background I have Windows on my main desk top machine, it is dual boot with Debian/XFCE. I am using Debian almost exclusively now. The BIOS based dual boot works well, I have it defaulting to Debian. I do not currently have a Windows VM setup on my main server. My 3 sons also have computers with Windows on them. Lastly, I am required to used company Windows machines at work. Hence I like to keep a li… text/html 2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:aptcache&rev=1682847793&do=diff linux ubuntu debian apt cache apt-cacher-ng apt update apt upgrade apt-get Set Up and Ubuntu APT Cache The apt-cacher-ng looks to be a self container apt caching server. Basically the apt cacher stores all the relevant apt update and upgrade related files and and acts as a proxy server to multiple clients. A handy feature to improve speed and reduce Internet bandwidth where a virtual machine server is used with multiple clients. There is another package called apt-cacher but it depends upon th… text/html 2025-05-18T07:27:42+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:ipmi_console&rev=1747553262&do=diff linux bmc grub ipmi console redirection cli IPMI Console Setup I have 3 computers from Supermicro with BMC and IPMI. The Supermicro provided utility program IPMIView is good, but the iKVM console redirection facility is woefully unreliable and also seems to be poorly documented! (Probably because it is based upon Java.) Interestingly this utility program is provided for Windows and Linux, and is even available in Manjaro AUR repositories. (This probably actually makes sense as many Supermic… text/html 2025-01-07T01:00:11+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-reverse-proxy&rev=1736211611&do=diff linux docker traefik reverse_proxy proxy openssl ssl certificate portainer cloudsec Reverse Proxy Server - Traefik I seem to have gotten the Traefik reverse proxy working according to Techno Tim Put Wildcard Certificates and SSL on EVERYTHING (github reference_files for traefik-portainer-ssl). Also see Jim's Garage Your Traefik Isn't Secure (JimsGarage/Traefik-Secure/ Below is a basic description of the process that aligns with my configuration files. I do this for 2 reasons, both allowing m… text/html 2026-01-31T11:03:52+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:wifi&rev=1769857432&do=diff linux router wifi wifi_router access_point Wifi Router / Access Points I prefer to run higher quality wifi access points (AP) than the all in one type routers. My current router is X86 based running Linux Nftables on bare metal and Bind9 and Kea as well as some other services in Docker on a VM. text/html 2025-08-16T11:39:12+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-mailserver&rev=1755344352&do=diff linux docker mail mailserver alpine dovecot postfix sqlite s6 s6-rc Docker mailserver This mailserver setup follows Workaround's SPmail guide for Debian 12 “Bookworm”. Key changes are that instead of installing on Debian 12 virtual machine1, with a Maria mysql database2, this setup is for installation on latest Alpine linux Docker image with s6-rc init using maria database. I toyed with sqlite and basically got it functional, however the support apps do not function with sqlite, so I went ba… text/html 2025-12-29T00:09:36+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:misc&rev=1766966976&do=diff linux docker it-tools dockge loki watchtower netbox Docker Miscellaneous IT-TOOLS Useful tools for developer and people working in IT. docker-compose.yml --- services: it-tools: image: 'corentinth/it-tools:latest' #ports: # - '8080:80' restart: unless-stopped container_name: it-tools networks: - proxy labels: - "traefik.enable=true" - "traefik.docker.network=proxy" - "traefik.http.routers.… text/html 2025-11-09T00:31:16+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:nginx-php-notes&rev=1762648276&do=diff linux docker nginx php fast-cgi php-fpm Docker nginx / php notes nginx executable I had some trouble getting nginx with php-fpm to operate. So I tried to get working a simple setup to nut-out the nuances. I got it working using php-fpm socket with Apline Linux on 2 Docker instances, one running Nginx and the other php-fpm. text/html 2025-09-20T09:35:01+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:hardware&rev=1758360901&do=diff linux router hardware Router Hardware ikoolcore-r2-max (Dec 2024) The Supermicro SYS-E200-9B has stopped working. It posts bios, but will not boot further. I suspect hardware failure of some sort. The BMC failed a few years ago. I have ordered a replacement ikoolcore-r2-max. The replacement comes with 2.5Gb/s and 10GB/s NICs and a more modern and faster 8 core text/html 2025-10-14T05:59:15+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:misc&rev=1760421555&do=diff linux router monitor links darkstat glances ntopng iftop nethogs Router Miscellaneous Monitoring There are a number of linux monitoring packages available. See these links for more examples see, 13 Linux Performance Monitoring Tools – Part 2, and 30 Linux System Monitoring Tools Every SysAdmin Should Know. Below are a few that I have tried and use. iftop iftop - display bandwidth usage on an interface by host Use text/html 2024-03-13T13:19:01+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=tech_notes:ansible&rev=1710335941&do=diff linux ansible ansible * sudo apt install sshpass The sshpass package must be installed. * Create a file ansible.cfg in your current folder with the following contents: [defaults] host_key_checking = false * create password less login to remote machines * ssh-keygen text/html 2026-01-23T03:32:30+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=tech_notes:flatpak&rev=1769139150&do=diff linux flatpak snap universal package Flatpak Flatpak is a universal Linux package management system, that is more agnostic than the Linux distributions package management systems. Flatpak currently only works with a desk top environment, it is not for servers. There are other universal package management systems available. One popular example is snap, however this is from Ubuntu and seems propriety in nature. text/html 2023-05-13T02:20:29+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:nut&rev=1683944429&do=diff linux debian nut ups server NUT (Network UPS Tools) Setup I purchased my current main UPS the Powershield Commander RT PSCRT1100 / Voltronic Power Otima II 1.1K in 2014 and setup NUT about this time, including early conversion to systemd scripts. I notice the Techno Tim Network UPS Tools (NUT) Ultimate Guide late 2022 has a perhaps more modern take on this. text/html 2026-01-31T14:34:43+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:rsync&rev=1769870083&do=diff rsync backup linux debian rsnapshot Rsync These are my rsync notes. I also used to use rsnapshot, however I was unhappy with the performance of this application and moved to restic. The original rsnapshot notes have been rolled up and moved to the bottom of this page. Rsync Notes Main rsync command usage summary text/html 2025-01-10T02:59:45+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:ssh&rev=1736477985&do=diff linux debian ssh ssh_notes SSH Notes SSH Login Message Acronyms and Definitions * MOTD = Message of the Day Login Messages * sudo vim /etc/issue.net Displays a message before the user begins login, I do not use this. * sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config ensure the following option is set text/html 2024-12-06T11:35:56+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:diun-ntfy&rev=1733484956&do=diff linux docker diun ntfy Docker - diun & ntfy ntfy is a notification application and server frame work. It has an iOS client and can also use standard web page and Andiod app. I originally considered gotify however there is not iOS application for this notification system, which basically makes it of less value for me. text/html 2026-04-14T13:03:49+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-compose&rev=1776171829&do=diff linux docker compose docker-compose docker_compose container network Docker-Compose * Docker Docs Compose specification, The Compose Specification Some commands: * docker-compose pull, it would seem this is required to ensure the latest image(s) is downloaded * docker-compose up -d --build --force-recreate * -d run as deamon (in background) * --build on required if the compose includes building an image text/html 2025-06-21T05:00:34+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-deluge&rev=1750482034&do=diff linux docker image container openvpn docker_compose wireguard macvlan nftables Docker Deluge Image / Service I want a torrent service that uses a VPN and is set-up to block non VPN WAN (internet) access. On my virtual machine implementation of this I used the following 3 packages: deluge (deluged with deluge-web), openvpn and nftables. I have used both iptables and nftables and find nftables is definitely more elegant to use. As far as I can tell there is not a Docker image that will meet m… text/html 2025-01-05T03:25:59+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:fileshare&rev=1736047559&do=diff linux docker file_sharing share sharing syncthing privatebin File Sharing All the applications have pro and cons. This is listed at the beginning of each header. There have been considered 3 different levels of access as described by the applications used: * Nextcloud - a full privately hosted publicly accessible file shareing application, with many additional features text/html 2025-11-14T14:12:45+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:ntp&rev=1763129565&do=diff ntp I remember looking at this circa 2016 - 2021 and letting go at that time, crony had just been released and systemd was still relatively new at that time. systemd commands * sudo systemctl status systemd-timesyncd * The default configuration is shown in text/html 2025-03-02T05:34:56+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:turnserver&rev=1740893696&do=diff linux docker turnserver turn server From wikipedia; Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) is a protocol that assists in traversal of network address translators (NAT) or firewalls for multimedia applications. It may be used with the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). It is most useful for clients on networks masqueraded by symmetric NAT devices. TURN does not aid in running servers on well known ports in the private network through a NAT; it supports the c… text/html 2024-06-23T01:11:37+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:netfilter&rev=1719105097&do=diff linux router mtu netfilter Basic Netfilter Function Block Diagram Both NFTables and IPTables use the Netfilter framework provided in the Linux kernal. NFtables was implemented to supersede IPTables, which due to the widespread use of IPTables, will probably take a long time. The following is a basic block diagram of the Netfilter Filter and NAT (Network Address Translation) functions, which are the basic requirements for router. Incoming Packets | ┌────────────… text/html 2024-09-21T12:10:33+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:ppp&rev=1726920633&do=diff linux router pppoe pppoed isp mtu dns dhcp ISP PPPoE Network Setup A reasonably comprehensive discussion on Ubuntu forums Setup Ubuntu Server as a router using a PPPoE connection, MTU and TCP MSS when using PPPoE. Also from Ubuntu forums How to Optimize your Internet Connection using MTU and RWIN. Ubuntu documentation ADSLPPPoE. PPPD manual page. Another reference is Confirm Blog Using PPPoE on Linux. Some other references: * Connecting to NBN HFC with a linux router] Internode router set… text/html 2025-05-22T08:07:33+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:ubuntu&rev=1747901253&do=diff linux router router_configuration setup debian ubuntu snap snaps switch network Router Configuration, Switch & Server Setup Router Configuration [DRAFT] A router performs the following key features: * A gateway between different network areas * Restrict network traffic * Forward Network traffic * Track network traffic, allows traffic incoming only if response to out going (one way traffic) This is primary firewall action and primary security action! This is often confused with NAT… text/html 2026-01-09T09:49:22+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:home_solar_bess&rev=1767952162&do=diff home solar bess battery stroage power electric Home Solar / BESS In my home jurisdiction housing with single phase power reticulation are generally limited to solar systems with 5kW of feed in capacity, so systems are limited to 6.6kW of peak solar panel capacity coupled to a inverter with 5kW maximum capacity. The requirements have developed and changed significantly over the past 15 years as features of residential solar power has significantly changed during this time, particularly renewab… text/html 2025-02-08T09:11:05+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:kvm&rev=1739005865&do=diff server kvm virtual command debian machine qemu virsh qcow linux command setup nbd network block device KVM Setup I original setup my main server and virual machines all with Ubuntu. However I have started using Debian and find it leaner than Ubuntu. I am slowly moving my various servers and virtual machines to Debian. * Install And Configure KVM In Ubuntu 20.04 Headless Server * Installing KVM on Debian 10 * How To Install KVM Hypervisor on Debian 12|11|10 * How to install KVM server on … text/html 2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:calibre_server&rev=1682847793&do=diff linux calibre server ebook Calibre Server Calibre is a comprehensive book library package. I had the server running on my Ubuntu 14.04 system about 5 years ago. From memory the Calibre web interface was a bit unpolished, however some of my phone apps could access the library for easier book access. text/html 2026-02-03T11:50:32+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:disk&rev=1770119432&do=diff linux debian nfs parted fstab format partion disk mount umount fstab unmount Linux Block Device Notes Linux Disk Partition and Format Notes Some basic tools * ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/ will list the disks with UUIDs * lsblk to list partitions (or list block devices) * lsblk -f or blkid to list the UUIDs * sudo blkid will list data blocks text/html 2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:fail2ban&rev=1682847793&do=diff fail2ban failtoban setup customise linux security Fail2Ban Scans log files and check for in appropriate password activities and update and uses firewall (IPTables) to restrict (stop for a period of time) these activities. So fail2ban limits incorrect authorisation attempts, thereby reducing, but not entirely eliminating associated risks and bandwidths. It is primarily used on port and associated services open to the public. DigitalOcean