https://wiki.kptree.net/ 2026-09-16T04:48:41+00:00 https://wiki.kptree.net/ https://wiki.kptree.net/_media/wiki:dokuwiki.svg text/html 2026-08-23T11:32:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/docker_notes:docker-nextcloud?rev=1787484737&do=diff linux docker nextcloud mysql mariadb Nextcloud Container Nextcloud publishes their own Docker container of Nextcloud. The Nextcloud image on Docker hub is maintained by the Nextcloud community, and is not officially supported by Nextcloud! Linuxserver.io, as well as some others also have Nextcloud containers on Docker Hub. text/html 2026-01-17T01:03:10+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/docker_notes:docker?rev=1768611790&do=diff linux docker cli installation network volume iptables nftables portainer Docker Docker is a set of platform as a service (PaaS) products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called _containers_. The service has both free and premium tiers. The software that hosts the containers is called Docker Engine text/html 2025-11-22T03:58:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:bash?rev=1763783897&do=diff linux bash alias tar bash_aliases configure configuration bashrc command script bashrc history sudo visudo dimmer ps kill nightmode xrandr tar archive default_editor editor BASH Customisation The standard BASH colour configuration uses a blue colour for listing directories (ls) which is difficult to read on a black background. While this is the “standard colour”, due to the impracticality I have decided to change it. text/html 2026-05-04T05:34:54+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:mswindows_notes?rev=1777872894&do=diff mswindows windows setup tip notes personal license powertoys KPTree - Home Desktop Setup Background I have Windows on my main desk top machine, it is dual boot with Debian/XFCE. I am using Debian almost exclusively now. The BIOS based dual boot works well, I have it defaulting to Debian. I do not currently have a Windows VM setup on my main server. My 3 sons also have computers with Windows on them. Lastly, I am required to used company Windows machines at work. Hence I like to keep a li… text/html 2025-09-29T05:35:59+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:misc?rev=1759124159&do=diff linux dmesg command systemd journal journalctl tzdata timezone apt upgrade update install remove crontab man apropos tldr ip tc systemctl journalctl pbcopy pbpaste copy paste Commonly used commands and scripts dmesg sudo dmesg lists the OS boot messages between grub and os up. sudo dmesg --level=emerg,alert,crit,err,warn,notice,debug give a more succinct list of focus potential problem issues. * emerg - system is unusable text/html 2025-01-04T10:36:56+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/linux_router:ipoe?rev=1735987016&do=diff linux router bridged modem isp ipoe mtu dns dhcp ISP IPoE DHCP Setup Notes Notes on Setting up a Linux router for IPoE DHCP. old, tldr; After a few years of reasonable successful use of bridged VDSL modem with Linux Router running pppoe and nftables my ISP informed me that they do not use authentication on the connection with username and password. In fact they mention they used dhcp IPoE as well as PPPoE. I set up my spare modem as they described and it worked straight way. When I tried my… text/html 2026-01-31T14:34:43+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:rsync?rev=1769870083&do=diff rsync backup linux debian rsnapshot Rsync These are my rsync notes. I also used to use rsnapshot, however I was unhappy with the performance of this application and moved to restic. The original rsnapshot notes have been rolled up and moved to the bottom of this page. Rsync Notes Main rsync command usage summary text/html 2025-01-03T00:55:46+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:back-up_server_old?rev=1735865746&do=diff linux debian backup lvm filesystem server nfs mount showmount Back-up Server Old Setup This has been more difficult than I would have thought. I have used rsnapshot the past couple of years (2020-21), but have never really been happy with it for many reasons. The main reason is that it has never worked well, the rsync is reasonably fast, but the rsnapshot takes far too long. Other problems include; difficulties in set-up, and concerns will reliability. Recently I noticed that Debian no longer … text/html 2022-01-15T04:49:47+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:media_vm_setup?rev=1642222187&do=diff deluge torrent server openvpn btguard nftables iptables systemd virtual machine linux ubuntu KPTree Torrent VM Setup Deluge Headless setup The main reference used is Havetheknowhow.com, specifically for the deluge headless setup, Havetheknowhow.com - How to install Deluge Headless. The Deluge support page is also a root source of knowledge Deluge systemd. Whatbox Deluge also has some interesting dialog. If installing on a virtual machine (VM) it is important to also have set up the NFS to al… text/html 2026-08-23T11:41:44+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/docker_notes:docker-mailserver?rev=1787485304&do=diff linux docker mail mailserver alpine dovecot postfix sqlite s6 s6-rc Docker mailserver This mailserver setup follows Workaround's SPmail guide for Debian 13 “Trixie”. Key changes are that instead of installing on Debian 13 virtual machine1, with a Maria mysql database2, this setup is for installation on latest Alpine linux Docker image with s6-rc init using maria database. I toyed with sqlite and basically got it functional, however the support apps do not function with sqlite, so I went back… text/html 2025-09-29T01:29:05+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/personal:recipes?rev=1759109345&do=diff food recipes cake stollen KPTree Recipes Recipe Links Stollen: I do not like mazipan, and do not like it in Stollen. Hence these links exclude reference to recipes with marzipan. * The spice house Old-Fashioned Christmas Stollen * The Spruce German Christmas Stollen * You're Doing It Wrong: Christmas Bread * Poppyseed Stollen * Stollen (No-Knead) * Traditional German Stollen Kaesekuchen - German Cheesecake in Diana's Recipe Book German Cottage Cheese Cheesecake Ratatouille Quick G… text/html 2025-02-08T09:11:05+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:kvm?rev=1739005865&do=diff server kvm virtual command debian machine qemu virsh qcow linux command setup nbd network block device KVM Setup I original setup my main server and virual machines all with Ubuntu. However I have started using Debian and find it leaner than Ubuntu. I am slowly moving my various servers and virtual machines to Debian. * Install And Configure KVM In Ubuntu 20.04 Headless Server * Installing KVM on Debian 10 * How To Install KVM Hypervisor on Debian 12|11|10 * How to install KVM server on … text/html 2025-04-06T07:41:58+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:manjaro?rev=1743925318&do=diff linux manjaro arch archlinux vuescan flatpak davfs cups printing print Manjaro Setup Notes I tried Manjaro circa 2019 for a couple of years as my main Linux Desktop. I had no major problems with it. An occasional minor problem this nVidia graphic card and some minor issues with updates. Having used Debian / Ubuntu the past 10 years on servers I decided to switch to Debian testing desk top with XFCE. Debian testing basically give a similar level of latest updates as Manjaro/Arch. I have not … text/html 2025-11-09T00:31:16+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/docker_notes:nginx-php-notes?rev=1762648276&do=diff linux docker nginx php fast-cgi php-fpm Docker nginx / php notes nginx executable I had some trouble getting nginx with php-fpm to operate. So I tried to get working a simple setup to nut-out the nuances. I got it working using php-fpm socket with Apline Linux on 2 Docker instances, one running Nginx and the other php-fpm. text/html 2025-01-10T03:55:11+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:symlinks?rev=1736481311&do=diff simlinks ln linux setup command Simlinks A symlink is a soft or hard link to a directory location to another directory location or file. It effectively allows a directory tree (soft link only) to be made for different non-structured directory locations, even across partitions. It allows configuration file control by having current configuration file pointing to different version or use type configuration files, depending on use case. text/html 2025-08-17T00:27:04+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:network_setup?rev=1755390424&do=diff network interface netplan nic setup loopback eth ethernet bridge bond networkd linux debian setup command Network Setup Most server have more than one network connection although one is technically enough. Routers by definition need to have a minimum of at least 2 network connections. It would seem that Debian Linux supports multiple methods to define network connections: text/html 2026-07-05T05:36:05+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/docker_notes:docker-deluge?rev=1783229765&do=diff linux docker image container openvpn docker_compose wireguard macvlan nftables Docker Deluge Image / Service I want a torrent service that uses a VPN and is set-up to block non VPN WAN (internet) access. On my virtual machine implementation of this I used the following 3 packages: deluge (deluged with deluge-web), openvpn and nftables. I have used both iptables and nftables and find nftables is definitely more elegant to use. As far as I can tell there is not a Docker image that will meet m… text/html 2026-06-21T00:26:18+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/linux_router:hardware?rev=1782001578&do=diff linux router hardware Router Hardware ikoolcore-r2-max (Dec 2024) The Supermicro SYS-E200-9B has stopped working. It posts bios, but will not boot further. I suspect hardware failure of some sort. The BMC failed a few years ago. I have ordered a replacement ikoolcore-r2-max. The replacement comes with 2.5Gb/s and 10GB/s NICs and a more modern and faster 8 core text/html 2023-12-26T03:36:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:apt?rev=1703561777&do=diff linux debian package apt apt-get update upgrade distribution apt package management I recently had a sudo apt upgrade error along the lines of: mariadb-server : Depends: mariadb-server-10.3 (>= 1:10.3.25-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) but 1:10.3.23+maria~bionic is installed Basically the apt / dpkg package manger got confused with the old distribution installation. I suspect this only happen as I updated the distribution from Ubuntu 18.04 to 20.04. Basically the text/html 2025-05-22T08:07:33+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/linux_router:ubuntu?rev=1747901253&do=diff linux router router_configuration setup debian ubuntu snap snaps switch network Router Configuration, Switch & Server Setup Router Configuration [DRAFT] A router performs the following key features: * A gateway between different network areas * Restrict network traffic * Forward Network traffic * Track network traffic, allows traffic incoming only if response to out going (one way traffic) This is primary firewall action and primary security action! This is often confused with NAT… text/html 2025-03-03T02:09:03+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/tech_notes:web_browsers?rev=1740967743&do=diff web browser config Web Browser Notes The purpose of reloading web page(s) and bypass the cache is to get a fresh copy of possibly outdated or corrupted files currently stored in the disk cache. You can do this as the first attempt if a normal reload doesn't seem to be giving an up to date version of a website or if you otherwise experience issues with a website. We usually advice this in case of issues: text/html 2025-09-29T11:22:11+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:dokuwiki_setup?rev=1759144931&do=diff linux wiki dokuwiki server plugin markdown dokuwiki setup notes Also see notes on setting up Docker Dokuwiki container * Dokuwiki home page * Dokuwiki Installation instructions * Upgrading Dokuwiki * DokuWiki Manual * Docuwiki maintenance * How to backup DokuWiki? * How to move DokuWiki from one Server to another? dokuwiki backup Back-ups placed here: '/media/disk1/KarlData/Karl Data 2/dokuwiki_backups/' and named KPtreeWiki-backup_yyyy-mm-dd. e.g. sudo tar zcpfv '/media/… text/html 2025-10-14T05:59:15+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/linux_router:misc?rev=1760421555&do=diff linux router monitor links darkstat glances ntopng iftop nethogs Router Miscellaneous Monitoring There are a number of linux monitoring packages available. See these links for more examples see, 13 Linux Performance Monitoring Tools – Part 2, and 30 Linux System Monitoring Tools Every SysAdmin Should Know. Below are a few that I have tried and use. iftop iftop - display bandwidth usage on an interface by host Use text/html 2026-07-26T08:58:27+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/wiki:syntax?rev=1785056307&do=diff Formatting Syntax DokuWiki supports some simple markup language, which tries to make the datafiles to be as readable as possible. This page contains all possible syntax you may use when editing the pages. Simply have a look at the source of this page by pressing text/html 2026-01-23T03:32:30+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/tech_notes:flatpak?rev=1769139150&do=diff linux flatpak snap universal package Flatpak Flatpak is a universal Linux package management system, that is more agnostic than the Linux distributions package management systems. Flatpak currently only works with a desk top environment, it is not for servers. There are other universal package management systems available. One popular example is snap, however this is from Ubuntu and seems propriety in nature. text/html 2026-02-03T11:50:32+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:disk?rev=1770119432&do=diff linux debian nfs parted fstab format partion disk mount umount fstab unmount Linux Block Device Notes Linux Disk Partition and Format Notes Some basic tools * ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/ will list the disks with UUIDs * lsblk to list partitions (or list block devices) * lsblk -f or blkid to list the UUIDs * sudo blkid will list data blocks text/html 2025-11-30T10:55:19+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/linux_router:network?rev=1764500119&do=diff linux debian ubuntu router network netplan interface vlan ipv6 ip Debian Server Network Setup Debian Network - Server Interface Setup As of Debian 10 (Buster) Debian still by default uses this interface Setup. It can be setup to use netplan inface. Ubuntu (as of version 14.04) defaults to Predictable Network Interface Names, also see Systemd Docs. I have no problem with this. In any case, you should always check dev names and not assume names, such as text/html 2026-03-22T01:59:49+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/tech_notes:linux_commands?rev=1774144789&do=diff cli commands Linux CLI Commands Various Linux CLI (Command Line Interface) Commands with examples and grouped by type File System Find specific file types * Using ls: * ls -lhaF | grep ^l # list links * ls -lhaF | grep ^d # list directories * ls -lhaF | grep ^- text/html 2023-05-13T02:20:29+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:nut?rev=1683944429&do=diff linux debian nut ups server NUT (Network UPS Tools) Setup I purchased my current main UPS the Powershield Commander RT PSCRT1100 / Voltronic Power Otima II 1.1K in 2014 and setup NUT about this time, including early conversion to systemd scripts. I notice the Techno Tim Network UPS Tools (NUT) Ultimate Guide late 2022 has a perhaps more modern take on this. text/html 2022-01-17T01:51:58+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:disk_check?rev=1642384318&do=diff linux fsck format partition boot corrupt parted fsck - file system check Use fsck to check and repair a file system. **The file system must be unmounted when being check and repaired to prevent corruption! ** Checking Root File System The root file system can not be unmounted and checked. Two possible options to check the system are: text/html 2025-03-02T05:34:56+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/docker_notes:turnserver?rev=1740893696&do=diff linux docker turnserver turn server From wikipedia; Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) is a protocol that assists in traversal of network address translators (NAT) or firewalls for multimedia applications. It may be used with the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). It is most useful for clients on networks masqueraded by symmetric NAT devices. TURN does not aid in running servers on well known ports in the private network through a NAT; it supports the c… text/html 2025-05-24T13:09:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/linux_router:wireguard?rev=1748092165&do=diff linux router vpn wireguard docker qr_code qr Wireguard VPN access from WAN to LAN I use a Docker instance for my Wireguard server now. I use 2 forms of vpn (virtual private network) on my home server. * VPN to gain remote secure private access to my home LAN from the WAN (internet). This is the one I am describing here. text/html 2024-12-07T03:13:35+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:web_server_setup?rev=1733541215&do=diff linux debian apache apache2 httpd web server php certbot letsencrypt nextcloud cloud vm virtual machine kvm proxy reverse proxy gid uid vipw vigr group id user id Web Server setup Basic Web Server setup on VM I am moving away from Ubuntu to Debian. I find the instruction for here are good to setup a basic web server Digitalocean's LAMP on Debian 11 and Computing for Geeks LAMP on Debian. Old, tl;dr; The main reference used is Unixmen - How To Install LAMP Stack On Ubuntu 16.04, for the bas… text/html 2025-01-07T01:00:11+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/docker_notes:docker-reverse-proxy?rev=1736211611&do=diff linux docker traefik reverse_proxy proxy openssl ssl certificate portainer cloudsec Reverse Proxy Server - Traefik I seem to have gotten the Traefik reverse proxy working according to Techno Tim Put Wildcard Certificates and SSL on EVERYTHING (github reference_files for traefik-portainer-ssl). Also see Jim's Garage Your Traefik Isn't Secure (JimsGarage/Traefik-Secure/ Below is a basic description of the process that aligns with my configuration files. I do this for 2 reasons, both allowing m… text/html 2025-01-03T09:33:51+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:docker?rev=1735896831&do=diff linux xfce XFCE XFCE Plugins Many XFCE plugins are available via menu: setting : panel : items, from here panel items can be added and removed and configured. To see available XFCE4 packages in the Debian repository sudo apt-cache search xfce4*. XFCE Keystrokes text/html 2026-04-11T00:19:34+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/docker_notes:docker-dhcp?rev=1775866774&do=diff linux docker kea dhcp Docker - DHCP Kea Server Since mid 2023 I have been running a Docker ISC Kea Image using base Docker Alpine Linux images, with S6 init system. (ISC Kea is a modern replacement for their DHCP.) The main DHCP server runs on my main server and I have an automatic fall over back up on my separate Linux router. I basically followed the Kea template text/html 2025-05-18T12:49:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/personal:sprinkler?rev=1747572557&do=diff sprinkler spray garden irrigation Home Sprinkler Setup Notes See my Sprinker solenoid woes Reticulation System The home I am currently living in and own had a garden irrigation system install with bore pump when purchased. The system was over 20 years old when I purchased and is now over 30 years old.