KPTree Wiki

Docker mailserver

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-08-16T11:39:12+00:00

linux docker mail mailserver alpine dovecot postfix sqlite s6 s6-rc Docker mailserver This mailserver setup follows Workaround's SPmail guide for Debian 12 “Bookworm”. Key changes are that instead of installing on Debian 12 virtual machine1, with a Maria mysql database2, this setup is for installation on latest Alpine linux Docker image with s6-rc init using maria database. I toyed with sqlite and basically got it functional, however the support apps do not function with sqlite, so I went ba…

Web Server setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-12-07T03:13:35+00:00

linux debian apache apache2 httpd web server php certbot letsencrypt nextcloud cloud vm virtual machine kvm proxy reverse proxy gid uid vipw vigr group id user id Web Server setup Basic Web Server setup on VM I am moving away from Ubuntu to Debian. I find the instruction for here are good to setup a basic web server Digitalocean's LAMP on Debian 11 and Computing for Geeks LAMP on Debian. Old, tl;dr; The main reference used is Unixmen - How To Install LAMP Stack On Ubuntu 16.04, for the bas…

Docker Miscellaneous

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-12-29T00:09:36+00:00

linux docker it-tools dockge loki watchtower netbox Docker Miscellaneous IT-TOOLS Useful tools for developer and people working in IT. docker-compose.yml --- services: it-tools: image: 'corentinth/it-tools:latest' #ports: # - '8080:80' restart: unless-stopped container_name: it-tools networks: - proxy labels: - "traefik.enable=true" - "traefik.docker.network=proxy" - "traefik.http.routers.…

KPTree - Home Desktop Setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-03-16T07:04:18+00:00

mswindows windows setup tip notes personal license powertoys KPTree - Home Desktop Setup Background I have Windows on my main desk top machine, it is dual boot with Debian/XFCE. I am using Debian almost exclusively now. The BIOS based dual boot works well, I have it defaulting to Debian. I do not currently have a Windows VM setup on my main server. My 3 sons also have computers with Windows on them. Lastly, I am required to used company Windows machines at work. Hence I like to keep a li…

BASH Customisation

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-11-22T03:58:17+00:00

linux bash alias tar bash_aliases configure configuration bashrc command script bashrc history sudo visudo dimmer ps kill nightmode xrandr tar archive default_editor editor BASH Customisation The standard BASH colour configuration uses a blue colour for listing directories (ls) which is difficult to read on a black background. While this is the “standard colour”, due to the impracticality I have decided to change it.

Docker

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-01-17T01:03:10+00:00

linux docker cli installation network volume iptables nftables portainer Docker Docker is a set of platform as a service (PaaS) products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called _containers_. The service has both free and premium tiers. The software that hosts the containers is called Docker Engine

Docker - DHCP Kea Server

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-11T00:19:34+00:00

linux docker kea dhcp Docker - DHCP Kea Server Since mid 2023 I have been running a Docker ISC Kea Image using base Docker Alpine Linux images, with S6 init system. (ISC Kea is a modern replacement for their DHCP.) The main DHCP server runs on my main server and I have an automatic fall over back up on my separate Linux router. I basically followed the Kea template

Docker - DNS Server

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-02-15T00:37:24+00:00

linux docker dns bind9 Docker - DNS Server What Is DNS and How Does It Work – A Comprehensive Guide I have been using Bind9 as my home LAN DNS for the past few years. I originally operated it on bare metal on my home router computer. In mid 2023 I successfully moved my Bind9 primary instance to my main home server in a container and created a slave instance in a container running on my home router computer. I created a Docker Bind9 Image using base Docker Alpine Linux images, with S6 init s…

Nextcloud Container

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-03T14:43:15+00:00

linux docker nextcloud mysql mariadb Nextcloud Container Nextcloud publishes their own Docker container of Nextcloud. The Nextcloud image on Docker hub is maintained by the Nextcloud community, and is not officially supported by Nextcloud! Linuxserver.io, as well as some others also have Nextcloud containers on Docker Hub.

Reverse Proxy Server - Traefik

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-01-07T01:00:11+00:00

linux docker traefik reverse_proxy proxy openssl ssl certificate portainer cloudsec Reverse Proxy Server - Traefik I seem to have gotten the Traefik reverse proxy working according to Techno Tim Put Wildcard Certificates and SSL on EVERYTHING (github reference_files for traefik-portainer-ssl). Also see Jim's Garage Your Traefik Isn't Secure (JimsGarage/Traefik-Secure/ Below is a basic description of the process that aligns with my configuration files. I do this for 2 reasons, both allowing m…

Linux Router Background

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-09-14T11:00:20+00:00

linux router 4g lte mobile Linux Router Background I have had the router hardware for about 7 years now, as of June 2023. It took me nearly 18 months to set up as primary home router on bare metal, with DNS and DHCP. I got Wireguard up and running a year ago. I have some basic monitoring software running, darkstat and glances. I have not bothered to setup VMs or containers, it all runs bare metal. I managed to use

Docker-Compose

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-14T13:03:49+00:00

linux docker compose docker-compose docker_compose container network Docker-Compose * Docker Docs Compose specification, The Compose Specification Some commands: * docker-compose pull, it would seem this is required to ensure the latest image(s) is downloaded * docker-compose up -d --build --force-recreate * -d run as deamon (in background) * --build on required if the compose includes building an image

Docker Deluge Image / Service

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-06-21T05:00:34+00:00

linux docker image container openvpn docker_compose wireguard macvlan nftables Docker Deluge Image / Service I want a torrent service that uses a VPN and is set-up to block non VPN WAN (internet) access. On my virtual machine implementation of this I used the following 3 packages: deluge (deluged with deluge-web), openvpn and nftables. I have used both iptables and nftables and find nftables is definitely more elegant to use. As far as I can tell there is not a Docker image that will meet m…

Homepage dashboard

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-06-11T10:02:50+00:00

homepage dashboard heimdall postges postgesql Homepage dashboard A home page is basically a webpage that provides a summary of your system and also has links to launch web applications and bookmarks. It may also have other utility information, such as system configuration and status, time, calendar, etc.

Docker init Systems

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-02-15T00:27:57+00:00

alpine linux docker init s6 s6-rc alias Docker init Systems There are a number of init systems used on docker containers, many are the defaults that ship with the standard Linux distributions, e.g. systemd which is particularly popular on the larger comprehensive distributions. tldr; There is a lot of argument in the init world, SystemD seems to have taken over the init system in most

KPTree Torrent VM Setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00

deluge torrent server openvpn btguard nftables iptables systemd virtual machine linux ubuntu KPTree Torrent VM Setup Deluge Headless setup The main reference used is Havetheknowhow.com, specifically for the deluge headless setup, Havetheknowhow.com - How to install Deluge Headless. The Deluge support page is also a root source of knowledge Deluge systemd. Whatbox Deluge also has some interesting dialog. If installing on a virtual machine (VM) it is important to also have set up the NFS to al…

Basic Netfilter Function Block Diagram

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-06-23T01:11:37+00:00

linux router mtu netfilter Basic Netfilter Function Block Diagram Both NFTables and IPTables use the Netfilter framework provided in the Linux kernal. NFtables was implemented to supersede IPTables, which due to the widespread use of IPTables, will probably take a long time. The following is a basic block diagram of the Netfilter Filter and NAT (Network Address Translation) functions, which are the basic requirements for router. Incoming Packets | ┌────────────…

Debian Server Network Setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-11-30T10:55:19+00:00

linux debian ubuntu router network netplan interface vlan ipv6 ip Debian Server Network Setup Debian Network - Server Interface Setup As of Debian 10 (Buster) Debian still by default uses this interface Setup. It can be setup to use netplan inface. Ubuntu (as of version 14.04) defaults to Predictable Network Interface Names, also see Systemd Docs. I have no problem with this. In any case, you should always check dev names and not assume names, such as

NFTables Configuration

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-03-02T07:31:20+00:00

linux router nftables firewall NFTables Configuration The best reference for nftables is at the dedicated wiki wiki nftables. Some other references I found nftables router. The reference at stosb is good, but not for a router Explaining My Configs: nftables. Nftables Cheatsheet After a lot of experimenting the following is my NFTables router configuration file. Create the following file called:

Network Setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-08-17T00:27:04+00:00

network interface netplan nic setup loopback eth ethernet bridge bond networkd linux debian setup command Network Setup Most server have more than one network connection although one is technically enough. Routers by definition need to have a minimum of at least 2 network connections. It would seem that Debian Linux supports multiple methods to define network connections:

Authentication

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-12-28T23:37:04+00:00

linux docker authentication Authentication References * Authentik Docs * Install - Docker Compose * Configuration * Applications * Providers * Ultimate Authentik Docker Compose Guide with Traefik Back Start page Next

Matrix

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-04-28T03:27:13+00:00

linux docker matrix synapse Matrix Matrix is an open protocol for decentralised, secure communications. references * linuxhandbook.com install-matrix-synapse-docker * Computing for geeks Synapse matrix homeserver in Docker * matrix.org * Matrix Installation Instructions * Docker hub matrixdotorg/synapse * Matrix Docker Install * github matrix-org synapse-email-account-validity * How to set up and configure your own TURN server using Coturn * How to Install Matrix Synapse Homeserver …

File Sharing

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-01-05T03:25:59+00:00

linux docker file_sharing share sharing syncthing privatebin File Sharing All the applications have pro and cons. This is listed at the beginning of each header. There have been considered 3 different levels of access as described by the applications used: * Nextcloud - a full privately hosted publicly accessible file shareing application, with many additional features

Bookmarking Servers

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-05-11T04:40:16+00:00

linux docker bookmark bookmarking karakeep linkwarden Bookmarking Servers There are many different bookmarking programs available at this time. I have listed 2 self hosted types here, Karakeep and Linkwarden. I do not know which is “better”. I am not sure I like the concept in Karakeep which used 3rd party AI to assist with bookmarking tagging. Perhaps it works well.

Docker nginx / php notes

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-11-09T00:31:16+00:00

linux docker nginx php fast-cgi php-fpm Docker nginx / php notes nginx executable I had some trouble getting nginx with php-fpm to operate. So I tried to get working a simple setup to nut-out the nuances. I got it working using php-fpm socket with Apline Linux on 2 Docker instances, one running Nginx and the other php-fpm.

VNC

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-07-05T10:36:50+00:00

linux docker vnc guacamole VNC I set up Guacamole using Install Guacamole on Docker – VNC, SSH, SFTP, and RDP like a Boss!. * keystroke in a Guacamole session opens and closes the Guacamole control panel. My docker-compose.yml --- services: # MariaDB - MySQL Database mariadb: container_name: guac_db image: linuxserver/mariadb:latest restart: always networks: # - proxy - guac security_opt: - no-new-privileges:true # ports: # …

Private LAN VPN Access

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-12-28T03:23:56+00:00

linux docker wireguard openvpn Private LAN VPN Access The scope here concerns use of VPN (Virtual Private Network) to gain secure access from the public network to a local private network. It relates to private secure access and use from the public network. It does not consider public VPNs setup for public use.

KPTree - Email Server Setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-03-24T08:01:21+00:00

linux mail server email postfix dovecot emailserver debian ubuntu horde postfixadmin admin clamav apache roundcube webmail certbot certificate KPTree - Email Server Setup Email Server Notes Setting up the email server on my home server was probably the most difficult task. Email server setup is intricate, risky and involves significant commitment and effort to setup reliably and maintain.

DHCP / DNS Setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-12-15T03:35:46+00:00

linux router dns dhcp bind ip ipv6 radvd host dig nslookup DHCP / DNS Setup Outdated I have moved my DNS and DHCP servers to Docker, Docker-DNS Server. I am still using ISC_Bind9, but am now using ISC_Kea for DHCP as ISC_Bind is no longer supported as of 2022. tl;dr; Further to this I am not looking at backups for both these services on my local area network. Whilst these services worked reliably well, when ever I shutdown the the router with

ISP IPoE DHCP Setup Notes

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-01-04T10:36:56+00:00

linux router bridged modem isp ipoe mtu dns dhcp ISP IPoE DHCP Setup Notes Notes on Setting up a Linux router for IPoE DHCP. old, tldr; After a few years of reasonable successful use of bridged VDSL modem with Linux Router running pppoe and nftables my ISP informed me that they do not use authentication on the connection with username and password. In fact they mention they used dhcp IPoE as well as PPPoE. I set up my spare modem as they described and it worked straight way. When I tried my…

Router Miscellaneous

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-10-14T05:59:15+00:00

linux router monitor links darkstat glances ntopng iftop nethogs Router Miscellaneous Monitoring There are a number of linux monitoring packages available. See these links for more examples see, 13 Linux Performance Monitoring Tools – Part 2, and 30 Linux System Monitoring Tools Every SysAdmin Should Know. Below are a few that I have tried and use. iftop iftop - display bandwidth usage on an interface by host Use

ISP PPPoE Network Setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-09-21T12:10:33+00:00

linux router pppoe pppoed isp mtu dns dhcp ISP PPPoE Network Setup A reasonably comprehensive discussion on Ubuntu forums Setup Ubuntu Server as a router using a PPPoE connection, MTU and TCP MSS when using PPPoE. Also from Ubuntu forums How to Optimize your Internet Connection using MTU and RWIN. Ubuntu documentation ADSLPPPoE. PPPD manual page. Another reference is Confirm Blog Using PPPoE on Linux. Some other references: * Connecting to NBN HFC with a linux router] Internode router set…

Router VM

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-03-08T09:28:50+00:00

linux router vm Router VM I have just decided to play with installing VM (virtual machines) on my Router hardware (2023-01). I have been reluctant to do this for a number of reasons. My separate listing for Router Hardware. Basically the machine is a bit old slow and under powered, but still adequate for what it does. I do not run a desktop on this machine, CLI (Command Line Interface only). The main services I am currently running on this machine are, all bare metal:

TC - Traffic Control

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-06-23T00:14:23+00:00

linux router tc traffic control TC - Traffic Control The Linux kernel's network stack has network traffic control and shaping features. The iproute2 package installs the tc command to control these via the command line. Queuing controls how data is sent; receiving data is much more reactive with fewer network-oriented controls. However, since TCP/IP packets are sent using a slow start the system starts sending the packets slow and keeps sending them faster and faster until packets start getti…

Wifi Router / Access Points

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-01-31T11:03:52+00:00

linux router wifi wifi_router access_point Wifi Router / Access Points I prefer to run higher quality wifi access points (AP) than the all in one type routers. My current router is X86 based running Linux Nftables on bare metal and Bind9 and Kea as well as some other services in Docker on a VM.

Electronics Info/Data

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-12-30T03:30:53+00:00

diode led Electronics Info/Data LEDS and Diode notes Some rough notes concerning LEDs and diodes. References * Basic Light Emitting Diode guide * Guide to LED Circuit Designs and LED Basics & Operation Resistor ColourRing 1Ring 2Ring3Ring 4 Figure 1Figure 2MultiplierToleranceBlack001Brown11101%Red221002%Orange331,000Yellow4410,000Green

Sprinkler Solenoid 24VAC Woes

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-08-24T08:27:38+00:00

sprinkler inductor controller solenoid valve solenoid_valve Sprinkler Solenoid 24VAC Woes See my Home Sprinkler notes I have had many problems with my sprinkler system; decrepit failing 30 year old underground wiring, failing solenoid valves and their solenoids. Some of the old solenoid valves were replaced as they had mechanically failed. The multiple issues made it vary difficult to diagnose what was happening at any time.

Alpine Linux

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-03-03T02:02:58+00:00

linux alpine alpine_linux apk Alpine Linux references * Alpine Package Filter Back Start page End

Linux CLI Commands

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-03-22T01:59:49+00:00

cli commands Linux CLI Commands Various Linux CLI (Command Line Interface) Commands with examples and grouped by type File System Find specific file types * Using ls: * ls -lhaF | grep ^l # list links * ls -lhaF | grep ^d # list directories * ls -lhaF | grep ^-

Nginx

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2023-12-29T07:24:43+00:00

nginx http Nginx On a simple system nginx can be started with /usr/sbin/nginx basically calling nginx executable with defaults. nginx -h nginx version: nginx/1.24.0 Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-p prefix] [-e filename] [-c filename] [-g directives] Options: -?,-h : this help -v : show version and exit -V : show version and configure options then exit -t : test configuration and exit -T : test configuration, d…

s6-rc init

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2023-12-28T05:26:59+00:00

s6 s6-rc init s6-rc init References Getting started with execline scripting back Start page next

ssh with key files

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-03-09T02:45:50+00:00

linux ssh ssh-keygen ssh with key files The advantages of using SSH key-based include: * Improved security * Easier access to ssh (if password keys are not used) Clearly use of unique password encrypted keys gives best security. However if a user has access to you terminal and user password they effectively have full system access anyway.

KVM Setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-02-08T09:11:05+00:00

server kvm virtual command debian machine qemu virsh qcow linux command setup nbd network block device KVM Setup I original setup my main server and virual machines all with Ubuntu. However I have started using Debian and find it leaner than Ubuntu. I am slowly moving my various servers and virtual machines to Debian. * Install And Configure KVM In Ubuntu 20.04 Headless Server * Installing KVM on Debian 10 * How To Install KVM Hypervisor on Debian 12|11|10 * How to install KVM server on …

Home Server Notes

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-01-25T05:14:50+00:00

linux server setup summary index Home Server Notes The main reason for these notes is a reference to assist me with maintaining my home server. This includes upgrading the existing or setting up a new server in the future. There are many reasons to setup a home server and many different options available. For me one of the big reasons is the tinkering and learning associated with such a set up. There are many other benefits. Perhaps also one of the largest negatives is also the time invested …

VNC Server

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-05-20T04:48:08+00:00

linux server debian vnc setup vncserver tigervnc gnome xfce VNC Server This section is a bit of a mess and needs a clean up..... I want a simple server GUI VNC system. Sadly most the instructions on the net do not seem to meet my needs. * Install a GUI * A light desktop system, e.g. xfce * The x11 windows manager system

Linux Block Device Notes

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-02-03T11:50:32+00:00

linux debian nfs parted fstab format partion disk mount umount fstab unmount Linux Block Device Notes Linux Disk Partition and Format Notes Some basic tools * ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/ will list the disks with UUIDs * lsblk to list partitions (or list block devices) * lsblk -f or blkid to list the UUIDs * sudo blkid will list data blocks

NUT (Network UPS Tools) Setup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2023-05-13T02:20:29+00:00

linux debian nut ups server NUT (Network UPS Tools) Setup I purchased my current main UPS the Powershield Commander RT PSCRT1100 / Voltronic Power Otima II 1.1K in 2014 and setup NUT about this time, including early conversion to systemd scripts. I notice the Techno Tim Network UPS Tools (NUT) Ultimate Guide late 2022 has a perhaps more modern take on this.

snapraid

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-03-05T13:20:52+00:00

snapraid linux snapraid I have been using snapraid since circa 2015 for my main first past redundancy. I have a second home server used as a backup server that weekly backs up using restic. The main snapraid commands I use are: sudo snapraid sync to sync the files that have changes since last sync. I usually do this weekly, manually.

Simlinks

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2025-01-10T03:55:11+00:00

simlinks ln linux setup command Simlinks A symlink is a soft or hard link to a directory location to another directory location or file. It effectively allows a directory tree (soft link only) to be made for different non-structured directory locations, even across partitions. It allows configuration file control by having current configuration file pointing to different version or use type configuration files, depending on use case.