KPTree Wiki
https://wiki.kptree.net/
2026-04-24T12:07:34+00:00KPTree Wiki
https://wiki.kptree.net/
https://wiki.kptree.net/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=wiki:dokuwiki.svgtext/html2025-08-16T11:39:12+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Docker mailserver
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-mailserver&rev=1755344352&do=diff
linux docker mail mailserver alpine dovecot postfix sqlite s6 s6-rc
Docker mailserver
This mailserver setup follows Workaround's SPmail guide for Debian 12 “Bookworm”. Key changes are that instead of installing on Debian 12 virtual machine1, with a Maria mysql database2, this setup is for installation on latest Alpine linux Docker image with s6-rc init using maria database. I toyed with sqlite and basically got it functional, however the support apps do not function with sqlite, so I went ba…text/html2026-04-03T14:43:15+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Nextcloud Container
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-nextcloud&rev=1775227395&do=diff
linux docker nextcloud mysql mariadb
Nextcloud Container
Nextcloud publishes their own Docker container of Nextcloud. The Nextcloud image on Docker hub is maintained by the Nextcloud community, and is not officially supported by Nextcloud! Linuxserver.io, as well as some others also have Nextcloud containers on Docker Hub.text/html2025-08-17T00:27:04+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Network Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:network_setup&rev=1755390424&do=diff
network interface netplan nic setup loopback eth ethernet bridge bond networkd linux debian setup command
Network Setup
Most server have more than one network connection although one is technically enough. Routers by definition need to have a minimum of at least 2 network connections.
It would seem that Debian Linux supports multiple methods to define network connections:text/html2025-11-30T10:55:19+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Debian Server Network Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:network&rev=1764500119&do=diff
linux debian ubuntu router network netplan interface vlan ipv6 ip
Debian Server Network Setup
Debian Network - Server Interface Setup
As of Debian 10 (Buster) Debian still by default uses this interface Setup. It can be setup to use netplan inface.
Ubuntu (as of version 14.04) defaults to Predictable Network Interface Names, also see Systemd Docs. I have no problem with this. In any case, you should always check dev names and not assume names, such astext/html2025-09-29T05:35:59+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Commonly used commands and scripts
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:misc&rev=1759124159&do=diff
linux dmesg command systemd journal journalctl tzdata timezone apt upgrade update install remove crontab man apropos tldr ip tc systemctl journalctl pbcopy pbpaste copy paste
Commonly used commands and scripts
dmesg
sudo dmesg lists the OS boot messages between grub and os up.
sudo dmesg --level=emerg,alert,crit,err,warn,notice,debug give a more succinct list of focus potential problem issues.
* emerg - system is unusabletext/html2026-04-11T00:19:34+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Docker - DHCP Kea Server
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-dhcp&rev=1775866774&do=diff
linux docker kea dhcp
Docker - DHCP Kea Server
Since mid 2023 I have been running a Docker ISC Kea Image using base Docker Alpine Linux images, with S6 init system. (ISC Kea is a modern replacement for their DHCP.) The main DHCP server runs on my main server and I have an automatic fall over back up on my separate Linux router. I basically followed the Kea templatetext/html2024-12-07T03:13:35+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Web Server setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:web_server_setup&rev=1733541215&do=diff
linux debian apache apache2 httpd web server php certbot letsencrypt nextcloud cloud vm virtual machine kvm proxy reverse proxy gid uid vipw vigr group id user id
Web Server setup
Basic Web Server setup on VM
I am moving away from Ubuntu to Debian. I find the instruction for here are good to setup a basic web server Digitalocean's LAMP on Debian 11 and Computing for Geeks LAMP on Debian.
Old, tl;dr;
The main reference used is Unixmen - How To Install LAMP Stack On Ubuntu 16.04, for the bas…text/html2025-11-09T00:31:16+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Docker nginx / php notes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:nginx-php-notes&rev=1762648276&do=diff
linux docker nginx php fast-cgi php-fpm
Docker nginx / php notes
nginx executable
I had some trouble getting nginx with php-fpm to operate. So I tried to get working a simple setup to nut-out the nuances. I got it working using php-fpm socket with Apline Linux on 2 Docker instances, one running Nginx and the other php-fpm.text/html2025-05-22T08:07:33+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Router Configuration, Switch & Server Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:ubuntu&rev=1747901253&do=diff
linux router router_configuration setup debian ubuntu snap snaps switch network
Router Configuration, Switch & Server Setup
Router Configuration
[DRAFT]
A router performs the following key features:
* A gateway between different network areas
* Restrict network traffic
* Forward Network traffic
* Track network traffic, allows traffic incoming only if response to out going (one way traffic) This is primary firewall action and primary security action! This is often confused with NAT…text/html2023-04-30T09:43:12+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)DokuWiki
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=wiki:dokuwiki&rev=1682847792&do=diff
DokuWiki
wiki:dokuwiki DokuWiki is a simple to use and highly versatile Open Source wiki software that doesn't require a database. It is loved by users for its clean and readable Formatting Syntax. The ease of maintenance, backup and integration makes it an administrator's favorite. Built intext/html2025-11-22T03:58:17+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)BASH Customisation
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:bash&rev=1763783897&do=diff
linux bash alias tar bash_aliases configure configuration bashrc command script bashrc history sudo visudo dimmer ps kill nightmode xrandr tar archive default_editor editor
BASH Customisation
The standard BASH colour configuration uses a blue colour for listing directories (ls) which is difficult to read on a black background. While this is the “standard colour”, due to the impracticality I have decided to change it.text/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)KPTree Torrent VM Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:media_vm_setup&rev=1682847793&do=diff
deluge torrent server openvpn btguard nftables iptables systemd virtual machine linux ubuntu
KPTree Torrent VM Setup
Deluge Headless setup
The main reference used is Havetheknowhow.com, specifically for the deluge headless setup, Havetheknowhow.com - How to install Deluge Headless. The Deluge support page is also a root source of knowledge Deluge systemd. Whatbox Deluge also has some interesting dialog.
If installing on a virtual machine (VM) it is important to also have set up the NFS to al…text/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Set Up and Ubuntu APT Cache
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:aptcache&rev=1682847793&do=diff
linux ubuntu debian apt cache apt-cacher-ng apt update apt upgrade apt-get
Set Up and Ubuntu APT Cache
The apt-cacher-ng looks to be a self container apt caching server. Basically the apt cacher stores all the relevant apt update and upgrade related files and and acts as a proxy server to multiple clients. A handy feature to improve speed and reduce Internet bandwidth where a virtual machine server is used with multiple clients. There is another package called apt-cacher but it depends upon th…text/html2025-09-29T11:22:11+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)dokuwiki setup notes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:dokuwiki_setup&rev=1759144931&do=diff
linux wiki dokuwiki server plugin markdown
dokuwiki setup notes
Also see notes on setting up Docker Dokuwiki container
* Dokuwiki home page
* Dokuwiki Installation instructions
* Upgrading Dokuwiki
* DokuWiki Manual
* Docuwiki maintenance
* How to backup DokuWiki?
* How to move DokuWiki from one Server to another?
dokuwiki backup
Back-ups placed here: '/media/disk1/KarlData/Karl Data 2/dokuwiki_backups/' and named KPtreeWiki-backup_yyyy-mm-dd.
e.g. sudo tar zcpfv '/media/…text/html2024-12-15T03:35:46+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)DHCP / DNS Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:dns_dhcp&rev=1734233746&do=diff
linux router dns dhcp bind ip ipv6 radvd host dig nslookup
DHCP / DNS Setup
Outdated
I have moved my DNS and DHCP servers to Docker, Docker-DNS Server. I am still using ISC_Bind9, but am now using ISC_Kea for DHCP as ISC_Bind is no longer supported as of 2022.
tl;dr;
Further to this I am not looking at backups for both these services on my local area network. Whilst these services worked reliably well, when ever I shutdown the the router withtext/html2025-01-04T10:36:56+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)ISP IPoE DHCP Setup Notes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:ipoe&rev=1735987016&do=diff
linux router bridged modem isp ipoe mtu dns dhcp
ISP IPoE DHCP Setup Notes
Notes on Setting up a Linux router for IPoE DHCP.
old, tldr;
After a few years of reasonable successful use of bridged VDSL modem with Linux Router running pppoe and nftables my ISP informed me that they do not use authentication on the connection with username and password. In fact they mention they used dhcp IPoE as well as PPPoE. I set up my spare modem as they described and it worked straight way. When I tried my…text/html2024-09-21T12:10:33+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)ISP PPPoE Network Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:ppp&rev=1726920633&do=diff
linux router pppoe pppoed isp mtu dns dhcp
ISP PPPoE Network Setup
A reasonably comprehensive discussion on Ubuntu forums Setup Ubuntu Server as a router using a PPPoE connection, MTU and TCP MSS when using PPPoE. Also from Ubuntu forums How to Optimize your Internet Connection using MTU and RWIN. Ubuntu documentation ADSLPPPoE. PPPD manual page.
Another reference is Confirm Blog Using PPPoE on Linux.
Some other references:
* Connecting to NBN HFC with a linux router] Internode router set…text/html2024-06-23T00:14:23+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)TC - Traffic Control
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:tc&rev=1719101663&do=diff
linux router tc traffic control
TC - Traffic Control
The Linux kernel's network stack has network traffic control and shaping features. The iproute2 package installs the tc command to control these via the command line.
Queuing controls how data is sent; receiving data is much more reactive with fewer network-oriented controls. However, since TCP/IP packets are sent using a slow start the system starts sending the packets slow and keeps sending them faster and faster until packets start getti…text/html2025-08-09T03:11:23+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Domain names, domain nameservers, DNS and DHCP
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=tech_notes:dns&rev=1754709083&do=diff
Domain names, domain nameservers, DNS and DHCP
Domain names, Domain nameservers, DNS and DHCP are a key part of the internet back bone.
* DNS (Domain Name System) resolves the text domain names to the relevant IP (Internet Protocol) addresses.
*text/html2023-12-26T03:39:18+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)systemd Stuff
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:systemd&rev=1703561958&do=diff
systemd systemctl timer timers journalctl linux debian setup customise customisation
systemd Stuff
* How to create systemd service unit in Linux
* Set systemd service to execute after fstab mount
* DigitalOcean Tutorials systemd:
* How To Use Systemctl to Manage Systemd Services and Units
* Understanding Systemd Units and Unit Files
* How To Use Journalctl to View and Manipulate Systemd Logs
* Systemd Essentials: Working with Services, Units, and the Journal
* NFS mount vi…text/html2026-02-15T00:37:24+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Docker - DNS Server
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-dns&rev=1771115844&do=diff
linux docker dns bind9
Docker - DNS Server
What Is DNS and How Does It Work – A Comprehensive Guide
I have been using Bind9 as my home LAN DNS for the past few years. I originally operated it on bare metal on my home router computer. In mid 2023 I successfully moved my Bind9 primary instance to my main home server in a container and created a slave instance in a container running on my home router computer. I created a Docker Bind9 Image using base Docker Alpine Linux images, with S6 init s…text/html2025-01-05T03:25:59+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)File Sharing
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:fileshare&rev=1736047559&do=diff
linux docker file_sharing share sharing syncthing privatebin
File Sharing
All the applications have pro and cons. This is listed at the beginning of each header.
There have been considered 3 different levels of access as described by the applications used:
* Nextcloud - a full privately hosted publicly accessible file shareing application, with many additional featurestext/html2024-12-28T03:23:56+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Private LAN VPN Access
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:vpn&rev=1735356236&do=diff
linux docker wireguard openvpn
Private LAN VPN Access
The scope here concerns use of VPN (Virtual Private Network) to gain secure access from the public network to a local private network. It relates to private secure access and use from the public network. It does not consider public VPNs setup for public use.text/html2024-03-24T08:01:21+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)KPTree - Email Server Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:email_server&rev=1711267281&do=diff
linux mail server email postfix dovecot emailserver debian ubuntu horde postfixadmin admin clamav apache roundcube webmail certbot certificate
KPTree - Email Server Setup
Email Server Notes
Setting up the email server on my home server was probably the most difficult task. Email server setup is intricate, risky and involves significant commitment and effort to setup reliably and maintain.text/html2026-03-16T07:04:18+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)KPTree - Home Desktop Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:mswindows_notes&rev=1773644658&do=diff
mswindows windows setup tip notes personal license powertoys
KPTree - Home Desktop Setup
Background
I have Windows on my main desk top machine, it is dual boot with Debian/XFCE. I am using Debian almost exclusively now. The BIOS based dual boot works well, I have it defaulting to Debian. I do not currently have a Windows VM setup on my main server. My 3 sons also have computers with Windows on them. Lastly, I am required to used company Windows machines at work. Hence I like to keep a li…text/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)NFTables IP Control
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:nftables_control&rev=1682847793&do=diff
linux nft nftables nmap
NFTables IP Control
I primarily set this feature up to act as a form of parental control on my home internet access.
Disable Range of IP addresses, with count-down timer
The DHCP assigned addresses in the range 100 - 254 were to be disabled (dropped) in the evening. The addresses below 100 were assigned a specific IP address in the DHCP based upon MAC.text/html2025-05-24T13:09:25+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Wireguard VPN access from WAN to LAN
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:wireguard&rev=1748092165&do=diff
linux router vpn wireguard docker qr_code qr
Wireguard VPN access from WAN to LAN
I use a Docker instance for my Wireguard server now.
I use 2 forms of vpn (virtual private network) on my home server.
* VPN to gain remote secure private access to my home LAN from the WAN (internet). This is the one I am describing here.text/html2025-05-18T12:49:17+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Home Sprinkler Setup Notes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=personal:sprinkler&rev=1747572557&do=diff
sprinkler spray garden irrigation
Home Sprinkler Setup Notes
See my Sprinker solenoid woes
Reticulation System
The home I am currently living in and own had a garden irrigation system install with bore pump when purchased. The system was over 20 years old when I purchased and is now over 30 years old.text/html2024-02-25T09:07:03+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Oscilloscope
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:oscilloscope&rev=1708852023&do=diff
oscilloscope
Oscilloscope
I recently purchase a small single channel digital oscilloscope, Zeeweii DSO154Pro. Typical for Chinese supply the instruction provided are terse. These are some additional notes.
DSO154PRO Parameters (from suppliers manual):
The accuracy above 15MHz may be such that use in this range is limited.text/html2025-12-29T00:06:16+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Surge Protector
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:surge_protector&rev=1766966776&do=diff
surge surge_protector varsistor gdt mov
Surge Protector
I purchase ARLEC Premium Surge Protectors from Bunnings in Dec 2025 for $18.67 each (I got an additional 5% trade discount.). I tore apart a unit to see what it was made of. I was impressed with the construction and purchase a total of 6 units, including the tear down unit which I do not intent to bring back into service, plus a spare. This allows a unit to be installed in each bedroom and study, which also aligns with the household ge…text/html2025-02-08T09:11:05+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)KVM Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:kvm&rev=1739005865&do=diff
server kvm virtual command debian machine qemu virsh qcow linux command setup nbd network block device
KVM Setup
I original setup my main server and virual machines all with Ubuntu. However I have started using Debian and find it leaner than Ubuntu. I am slowly moving my various servers and virtual machines to Debian.
* Install And Configure KVM In Ubuntu 20.04 Headless Server
* Installing KVM on Debian 10
* How To Install KVM Hypervisor on Debian 12|11|10
* How to install KVM server on …text/html2025-01-03T00:55:46+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Back-up Server Old Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:back-up_server_old&rev=1735865746&do=diff
linux debian backup lvm filesystem server nfs mount showmount
Back-up Server Old Setup
This has been more difficult than I would have thought. I have used rsnapshot the past couple of years (2020-21), but have never really been happy with it for many reasons. The main reason is that it has never worked well, the rsync is reasonably fast, but the rsnapshot takes far too long. Other problems include; difficulties in set-up, and concerns will reliability. Recently I noticed that Debian no longer …text/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Calibre Server
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:calibre_server&rev=1682847793&do=diff
linux calibre server ebook
Calibre Server
Calibre is a comprehensive book library package.
I had the server running on my Ubuntu 14.04 system about 5 years ago. From memory the Calibre web interface was a bit unpolished, however some of my phone apps could access the library for easier book access.text/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Conky
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:conky&rev=1682847793&do=diff
conkey linux debian manjaro setup monitor
Conky
Conky is a Linux system monitor tool using X Windows. Conky is highly configurable and is able to monitor many system variables including the status of the CPU, memory, swap space, disk storage, temperatures, processes, network interfaces, battery power, system messages, e-mail in-boxes Linux updates, runs many popular music players, and much more. Unlike system monitors that use high-level widget tool-kits to render their information, Conky i…text/html2025-05-18T07:27:42+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)IPMI Console Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:ipmi_console&rev=1747553262&do=diff
linux bmc grub ipmi console redirection cli
IPMI Console Setup
I have 3 computers from Supermicro with BMC and IPMI. The Supermicro provided utility program IPMIView is good, but the iKVM console redirection facility is woefully unreliable and also seems to be poorly documented! (Probably because it is based upon Java.) Interestingly this utility program is provided for Windows and Linux, and is even available in Manjaro AUR repositories. (This probably actually makes sense as many Supermic…text/html2026-01-31T14:34:43+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Rsync
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:rsync&rev=1769870083&do=diff
rsync backup linux debian rsnapshot
Rsync
These are my rsync notes. I also used to use rsnapshot, however I was unhappy with the performance of this application and moved to restic. The original rsnapshot notes have been rolled up and moved to the bottom of this page.
Rsync Notes
Main rsync command usage summarytext/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)samba
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:samba&rev=1682847793&do=diff
linux samba
samba
I have not look at samba much since I first attempted to set up my home sever circa 2011 on Fedora before I moved to Ubuntu. I stopped using Fedora as I had noob pain with Selinux, coupled with the short service life of Fedora, so I moved to Ubuntu, where I had a lot more success.