KPTree Wiki
https://wiki.kptree.net/
2026-06-04T18:56:55+00:00KPTree Wiki
https://wiki.kptree.net/
https://wiki.kptree.net/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=wiki:dokuwiki.svgtext/html2025-11-09T00:31:16+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Docker nginx / php notes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:nginx-php-notes&rev=1762648276&do=diff
linux docker nginx php fast-cgi php-fpm
Docker nginx / php notes
nginx executable
I had some trouble getting nginx with php-fpm to operate. So I tried to get working a simple setup to nut-out the nuances. I got it working using php-fpm socket with Apline Linux on 2 Docker instances, one running Nginx and the other php-fpm.text/html2024-06-23T01:11:37+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Basic Netfilter Function Block Diagram
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:netfilter&rev=1719105097&do=diff
linux router mtu netfilter
Basic Netfilter Function Block Diagram
Both NFTables and IPTables use the Netfilter framework provided in the Linux kernal. NFtables was implemented to supersede IPTables, which due to the widespread use of IPTables, will probably take a long time.
The following is a basic block diagram of the Netfilter Filter and NAT (Network Address Translation) functions, which are the basic requirements for router.
Incoming
Packets
|
┌────────────…text/html2024-03-24T06:04:40+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)VIM Editor
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:vim&rev=1711260280&do=diff
vim neovim command linux debian text editor setup customise customisation cheatsheet
VIM Editor
When using sudo vim consider sudo -E. The -E flag to retain the user environment variables for vim.
VIM Customisation
~/.vimrc
colorscheme desert
set nocompatible
syntax on
set number relativenumber
set autoindent expandtab tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2
filetype plugin on
filetype indent on
set cursorline
set cursorcolumn
set shiftwidth=2
set tabstop=2
set expandtabtext/html2025-09-29T05:35:59+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Commonly used commands and scripts
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:misc&rev=1759124159&do=diff
linux dmesg command systemd journal journalctl tzdata timezone apt upgrade update install remove crontab man apropos tldr ip tc systemctl journalctl pbcopy pbpaste copy paste
Commonly used commands and scripts
dmesg
sudo dmesg lists the OS boot messages between grub and os up.
sudo dmesg --level=emerg,alert,crit,err,warn,notice,debug give a more succinct list of focus potential problem issues.
* emerg - system is unusabletext/html2025-08-16T11:39:12+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Docker mailserver
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-mailserver&rev=1755344352&do=diff
linux docker mail mailserver alpine dovecot postfix sqlite s6 s6-rc
Docker mailserver
This mailserver setup follows Workaround's SPmail guide for Debian 12 “Bookworm”. Key changes are that instead of installing on Debian 12 virtual machine1, with a Maria mysql database2, this setup is for installation on latest Alpine linux Docker image with s6-rc init using maria database. I toyed with sqlite and basically got it functional, however the support apps do not function with sqlite, so I went ba…text/html2026-03-05T13:20:52+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)snapraid
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:snapraid&rev=1772716852&do=diff
snapraid linux
snapraid
I have been using snapraid since circa 2015 for my main first past redundancy. I have a second home server used as a backup server that weekly backs up using restic.
The main snapraid commands I use are:
sudo snapraid sync to sync the files that have changes since last sync. I usually do this weekly, manually.text/html2026-04-03T14:43:15+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Nextcloud Container
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-nextcloud&rev=1775227395&do=diff
linux docker nextcloud mysql mariadb
Nextcloud Container
Nextcloud publishes their own Docker container of Nextcloud. The Nextcloud image on Docker hub is maintained by the Nextcloud community, and is not officially supported by Nextcloud! Linuxserver.io, as well as some others also have Nextcloud containers on Docker Hub.text/html2025-01-03T00:55:46+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Back-up Server Old Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:back-up_server_old&rev=1735865746&do=diff
linux debian backup lvm filesystem server nfs mount showmount
Back-up Server Old Setup
This has been more difficult than I would have thought. I have used rsnapshot the past couple of years (2020-21), but have never really been happy with it for many reasons. The main reason is that it has never worked well, the rsync is reasonably fast, but the rsnapshot takes far too long. Other problems include; difficulties in set-up, and concerns will reliability. Recently I noticed that Debian no longer …text/html2025-03-02T05:34:56+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)turn server
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:turnserver&rev=1740893696&do=diff
linux docker turnserver
turn server
From wikipedia; Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) is a protocol that assists in traversal of network address translators (NAT) or firewalls for multimedia applications. It may be used with the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). It is most useful for clients on networks masqueraded by symmetric NAT devices. TURN does not aid in running servers on well known ports in the private network through a NAT; it supports the c…text/html2024-12-07T03:13:35+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Web Server setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:web_server_setup&rev=1733541215&do=diff
linux debian apache apache2 httpd web server php certbot letsencrypt nextcloud cloud vm virtual machine kvm proxy reverse proxy gid uid vipw vigr group id user id
Web Server setup
Basic Web Server setup on VM
I am moving away from Ubuntu to Debian. I find the instruction for here are good to setup a basic web server Digitalocean's LAMP on Debian 11 and Computing for Geeks LAMP on Debian.
Old, tl;dr;
The main reference used is Unixmen - How To Install LAMP Stack On Ubuntu 16.04, for the bas…text/html2025-12-29T00:06:16+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Surge Protector
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:surge_protector&rev=1766966776&do=diff
surge surge_protector varsistor gdt mov
Surge Protector
I purchase ARLEC Premium Surge Protectors from Bunnings in Dec 2025 for $18.67 each (I got an additional 5% trade discount.). I tore apart a unit to see what it was made of. I was impressed with the construction and purchase a total of 6 units, including the tear down unit which I do not intent to bring back into service, plus a spare. This allows a unit to be installed in each bedroom and study, which also aligns with the household ge…text/html2025-08-09T03:11:23+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Domain names, domain nameservers, DNS and DHCP
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=tech_notes:dns&rev=1754709083&do=diff
Domain names, domain nameservers, DNS and DHCP
Domain names, Domain nameservers, DNS and DHCP are a key part of the internet back bone.
* DNS (Domain Name System) resolves the text domain names to the relevant IP (Internet Protocol) addresses.
*text/html2025-08-17T00:27:04+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Network Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:network_setup&rev=1755390424&do=diff
network interface netplan nic setup loopback eth ethernet bridge bond networkd linux debian setup command
Network Setup
Most server have more than one network connection although one is technically enough. Routers by definition need to have a minimum of at least 2 network connections.
It would seem that Debian Linux supports multiple methods to define network connections:text/html2025-11-22T03:58:17+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)BASH Customisation
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:bash&rev=1763783897&do=diff
linux bash alias tar bash_aliases configure configuration bashrc command script bashrc history sudo visudo dimmer ps kill nightmode xrandr tar archive default_editor editor
BASH Customisation
The standard BASH colour configuration uses a blue colour for listing directories (ls) which is difficult to read on a black background. While this is the “standard colour”, due to the impracticality I have decided to change it.text/html2026-01-31T14:34:43+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Rsync
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:rsync&rev=1769870083&do=diff
rsync backup linux debian rsnapshot
Rsync
These are my rsync notes. I also used to use rsnapshot, however I was unhappy with the performance of this application and moved to restic. The original rsnapshot notes have been rolled up and moved to the bottom of this page.
Rsync Notes
Main rsync command usage summarytext/html2024-12-06T11:35:56+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Docker - diun & ntfy
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:diun-ntfy&rev=1733484956&do=diff
linux docker diun ntfy
Docker - diun & ntfy
ntfy is a notification application and server frame work. It has an iOS client and can also use standard web page and Andiod app. I originally considered gotify however there is not iOS application for this notification system, which basically makes it of less value for me.text/html2026-01-17T01:03:10+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Docker
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker&rev=1768611790&do=diff
linux docker cli installation network volume iptables nftables portainer
Docker
Docker is a set of platform as a service (PaaS) products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called _containers_. The service has both free and premium tiers. The software that hosts the containers is called Docker Enginetext/html2025-01-05T03:25:59+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)File Sharing
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:fileshare&rev=1736047559&do=diff
linux docker file_sharing share sharing syncthing privatebin
File Sharing
All the applications have pro and cons. This is listed at the beginning of each header.
There have been considered 3 different levels of access as described by the applications used:
* Nextcloud - a full privately hosted publicly accessible file shareing application, with many additional featurestext/html2025-11-30T10:55:19+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Debian Server Network Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:network&rev=1764500119&do=diff
linux debian ubuntu router network netplan interface vlan ipv6 ip
Debian Server Network Setup
Debian Network - Server Interface Setup
As of Debian 10 (Buster) Debian still by default uses this interface Setup. It can be setup to use netplan inface.
Ubuntu (as of version 14.04) defaults to Predictable Network Interface Names, also see Systemd Docs. I have no problem with this. In any case, you should always check dev names and not assume names, such astext/html2025-05-24T13:09:25+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Wireguard VPN access from WAN to LAN
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:wireguard&rev=1748092165&do=diff
linux router vpn wireguard docker qr_code qr
Wireguard VPN access from WAN to LAN
I use a Docker instance for my Wireguard server now.
I use 2 forms of vpn (virtual private network) on my home server.
* VPN to gain remote secure private access to my home LAN from the WAN (internet). This is the one I am describing here.text/html2025-09-29T01:29:05+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)KPTree Recipes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=personal:recipes&rev=1759109345&do=diff
food recipes cake stollen
KPTree Recipes
Recipe Links
Stollen:
I do not like mazipan, and do not like it in Stollen. Hence these links exclude reference to recipes with marzipan.
* The spice house Old-Fashioned Christmas Stollen
* The Spruce German Christmas Stollen
* You're Doing It Wrong: Christmas Bread
* Poppyseed Stollen
* Stollen (No-Knead)
* Traditional German Stollen
Kaesekuchen - German Cheesecake in Diana's Recipe Book
German Cottage Cheese Cheesecake
Ratatouille
Quick G…text/html2025-12-28T13:38:20+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Ethernet Twisted Pair Cables
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:ethernet&rev=1766929100&do=diff
ethernet rj45 utp stp
Ethernet Twisted Pair Cables
Cable Types
Cable Type Shielding Description Use Case UTP Nonetext/html2026-01-09T09:49:22+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Home Solar / BESS
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:home_solar_bess&rev=1767952162&do=diff
home solar bess battery stroage power electric
Home Solar / BESS
In my home jurisdiction housing with single phase power reticulation are generally limited to solar systems with 5kW of feed in capacity, so systems are limited to 6.6kW of peak solar panel capacity coupled to a inverter with 5kW maximum capacity. The requirements have developed and changed significantly over the past 15 years as features of residential solar power has significantly changed during this time, particularly renewab…text/html2024-08-24T08:27:38+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Sprinkler Solenoid 24VAC Woes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:sprinklers&rev=1724488058&do=diff
sprinkler inductor controller solenoid valve solenoid_valve
Sprinkler Solenoid 24VAC Woes
See my Home Sprinkler notes
I have had many problems with my sprinkler system; decrepit failing 30 year old underground wiring, failing solenoid valves and their solenoids. Some of the old solenoid valves were replaced as they had mechanically failed. The multiple issues made it vary difficult to diagnose what was happening at any time.text/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Set Up and Ubuntu APT Cache
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:aptcache&rev=1682847793&do=diff
linux ubuntu debian apt cache apt-cacher-ng apt update apt upgrade apt-get
Set Up and Ubuntu APT Cache
The apt-cacher-ng looks to be a self container apt caching server. Basically the apt cacher stores all the relevant apt update and upgrade related files and and acts as a proxy server to multiple clients. A handy feature to improve speed and reduce Internet bandwidth where a virtual machine server is used with multiple clients. There is another package called apt-cacher but it depends upon th…text/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)samba
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:samba&rev=1682847793&do=diff
linux samba
samba
I have not look at samba much since I first attempted to set up my home sever circa 2011 on Fedora before I moved to Ubuntu. I stopped using Fedora as I had noob pain with Selinux, coupled with the short service life of Fedora, so I moved to Ubuntu, where I had a lot more success.text/html2025-01-07T01:00:11+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Reverse Proxy Server - Traefik
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-reverse-proxy&rev=1736211611&do=diff
linux docker traefik reverse_proxy proxy openssl ssl certificate portainer cloudsec
Reverse Proxy Server - Traefik
I seem to have gotten the Traefik reverse proxy working according to Techno Tim Put Wildcard Certificates and SSL on EVERYTHING (github reference_files for traefik-portainer-ssl). Also see Jim's Garage Your Traefik Isn't Secure (JimsGarage/Traefik-Secure/
Below is a basic description of the process that aligns with my configuration files. I do this for 2 reasons, both allowing m…text/html2025-05-11T04:40:16+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Bookmarking Servers
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:hoarder&rev=1746938416&do=diff
linux docker bookmark bookmarking karakeep linkwarden
Bookmarking Servers
There are many different bookmarking programs available at this time. I have listed 2 self hosted types here, Karakeep and Linkwarden. I do not know which is “better”.
I am not sure I like the concept in Karakeep which used 3rd party AI to assist with bookmarking tagging. Perhaps it works well.text/html2025-12-23T02:48:44+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Docker Host
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:vm-container&rev=1766458124&do=diff
linux docker vm proxmox server vnc kvm libvirt selfhosted
Docker Host
KVM versus Proxmox
I originally started using Linux KVM based VM, with QEMU and Libvirt on Ubuntu bare metal, circa 2014, this before was I was aware that Proxmox existed. Around 2020 I moved to Debian as my preferred bare metal distribution for server and desktop, I stopped using Windows as my main home desktop around this time. When I started playing around with Docker to create my own container images I preferred use of…text/html2025-09-29T11:22:11+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)dokuwiki setup notes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:dokuwiki_setup&rev=1759144931&do=diff
linux wiki dokuwiki server plugin markdown
dokuwiki setup notes
Also see notes on setting up Docker Dokuwiki container
* Dokuwiki home page
* Dokuwiki Installation instructions
* Upgrading Dokuwiki
* DokuWiki Manual
* Docuwiki maintenance
* How to backup DokuWiki?
* How to move DokuWiki from one Server to another?
dokuwiki backup
Back-ups placed here: '/media/disk1/KarlData/Karl Data 2/dokuwiki_backups/' and named KPtreeWiki-backup_yyyy-mm-dd.
e.g. sudo tar zcpfv '/media/…text/html2026-05-04T05:34:54+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)KPTree - Home Desktop Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:mswindows_notes&rev=1777872894&do=diff
mswindows windows setup tip notes personal license powertoys
KPTree - Home Desktop Setup
Background
I have Windows on my main desk top machine, it is dual boot with Debian/XFCE. I am using Debian almost exclusively now. The BIOS based dual boot works well, I have it defaulting to Debian. I do not currently have a Windows VM setup on my main server. My 3 sons also have computers with Windows on them. Lastly, I am required to used company Windows machines at work. Hence I like to keep a li…text/html2024-12-15T03:35:46+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)DHCP / DNS Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:dns_dhcp&rev=1734233746&do=diff
linux router dns dhcp bind ip ipv6 radvd host dig nslookup
DHCP / DNS Setup
Outdated
I have moved my DNS and DHCP servers to Docker, Docker-DNS Server. I am still using ISC_Bind9, but am now using ISC_Kea for DHCP as ISC_Bind is no longer supported as of 2022.
tl;dr;
Further to this I am not looking at backups for both these services on my local area network. Whilst these services worked reliably well, when ever I shutdown the the router withtext/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)NFTables IP Control
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:nftables_control&rev=1682847793&do=diff
linux nft nftables nmap
NFTables IP Control
I primarily set this feature up to act as a form of parental control on my home internet access.
Disable Range of IP addresses, with count-down timer
The DHCP assigned addresses in the range 100 - 254 were to be disabled (dropped) in the evening. The addresses below 100 were assigned a specific IP address in the DHCP based upon MAC.text/html2025-03-08T09:28:50+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Router VM
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:qemu&rev=1741426130&do=diff
linux router vm
Router VM
I have just decided to play with installing VM (virtual machines) on my Router hardware (2023-01). I have been reluctant to do this for a number of reasons. My separate listing for Router Hardware. Basically the machine is a bit old slow and under powered, but still adequate for what it does. I do not run a desktop on this machine, CLI (Command Line Interface only). The main services I am currently running on this machine are, all bare metal:text/html2025-05-18T12:49:17+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Home Sprinkler Setup Notes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=personal:sprinkler&rev=1747572557&do=diff
sprinkler spray garden irrigation
Home Sprinkler Setup Notes
See my Sprinker solenoid woes
Reticulation System
The home I am currently living in and own had a garden irrigation system install with bore pump when purchased. The system was over 20 years old when I purchased and is now over 30 years old.text/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)IPv6 summary notes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=tech_notes:ipv6&rev=1682847793&do=diff
linux ipv6
IPv6 summary notes
Largely taken from
* onemarcfifty
* What You Need to Know about IPv6 Link-Local Addresses
Address length and format
The IPv6 address is 128 bits (i.e. 16 bytes) long and is written in 8 groups of 2 bytes in hexadecimal numbers separated by colons:
FDDD:F00D:CAFE:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
Leading zeros of each block can be omitted, the above address can hence be written like this:
FDDD:F00D:CAFE:0:0:0:0:1
We can abbreviate whole blocks of zeros with :: and w…text/html2025-02-08T09:11:05+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)KVM Setup
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:kvm&rev=1739005865&do=diff
server kvm virtual command debian machine qemu virsh qcow linux command setup nbd network block device
KVM Setup
I original setup my main server and virual machines all with Ubuntu. However I have started using Debian and find it leaner than Ubuntu. I am slowly moving my various servers and virtual machines to Debian.
* Install And Configure KVM In Ubuntu 20.04 Headless Server
* Installing KVM on Debian 10
* How To Install KVM Hypervisor on Debian 12|11|10
* How to install KVM server on …text/html2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Fail2Ban
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:fail2ban&rev=1682847793&do=diff
fail2ban failtoban setup customise linux security
Fail2Ban
Scans log files and check for in appropriate password activities and update and uses firewall (IPTables) to restrict (stop for a period of time) these activities. So fail2ban limits incorrect authorisation attempts, thereby reducing, but not entirely eliminating associated risks and bandwidths. It is primarily used on port and associated services open to the public. DigitalOceantext/html2025-04-06T07:41:58+00:00Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)Manjaro Setup Notes
https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:manjaro&rev=1743925318&do=diff
linux manjaro arch archlinux vuescan flatpak davfs cups printing print
Manjaro Setup Notes
I tried Manjaro circa 2019 for a couple of years as my main Linux Desktop. I had no major problems with it. An occasional minor problem this nVidia graphic card and some minor issues with updates. Having used Debian / Ubuntu the past 10 years on servers I decided to switch to Debian testing desk top with XFCE. Debian testing basically give a similar level of latest updates as Manjaro/Arch. I have not …