https://wiki.kptree.net/ 2026-04-24T12:05:59+00:00 https://wiki.kptree.net/ https://wiki.kptree.net/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=wiki:dokuwiki.svg text/html 2024-12-07T03:13:35+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:web_server_setup&rev=1733541215&do=diff linux debian apache apache2 httpd web server php certbot letsencrypt nextcloud cloud vm virtual machine kvm proxy reverse proxy gid uid vipw vigr group id user id Web Server setup Basic Web Server setup on VM I am moving away from Ubuntu to Debian. I find the instruction for here are good to setup a basic web server Digitalocean's LAMP on Debian 11 and Computing for Geeks LAMP on Debian. Old, tl;dr; The main reference used is Unixmen - How To Install LAMP Stack On Ubuntu 16.04, for the bas… text/html 2026-01-31T14:34:43+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:rsync&rev=1769870083&do=diff rsync backup linux debian rsnapshot Rsync These are my rsync notes. I also used to use rsnapshot, however I was unhappy with the performance of this application and moved to restic. The original rsnapshot notes have been rolled up and moved to the bottom of this page. Rsync Notes Main rsync command usage summary text/html 2024-06-23T01:11:37+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:netfilter&rev=1719105097&do=diff linux router mtu netfilter Basic Netfilter Function Block Diagram Both NFTables and IPTables use the Netfilter framework provided in the Linux kernal. NFtables was implemented to supersede IPTables, which due to the widespread use of IPTables, will probably take a long time. The following is a basic block diagram of the Netfilter Filter and NAT (Network Address Translation) functions, which are the basic requirements for router. Incoming Packets | ┌────────────… text/html 2026-01-09T09:49:22+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:home_solar_bess&rev=1767952162&do=diff home solar bess battery stroage power electric Home Solar / BESS In my home jurisdiction housing with single phase power reticulation are generally limited to solar systems with 5kW of feed in capacity, so systems are limited to 6.6kW of peak solar panel capacity coupled to a inverter with 5kW maximum capacity. The requirements have developed and changed significantly over the past 15 years as features of residential solar power has significantly changed during this time, particularly renewab… text/html 2023-04-30T09:43:12+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=wiki:syntax&rev=1682847792&do=diff Formatting Syntax DokuWiki supports some simple markup language, which tries to make the datafiles to be as readable as possible. This page contains all possible syntax you may use when editing the pages. Simply have a look at the source of this page by pressing text/html 2025-06-21T05:00:34+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-deluge&rev=1750482034&do=diff linux docker image container openvpn docker_compose wireguard macvlan nftables Docker Deluge Image / Service I want a torrent service that uses a VPN and is set-up to block non VPN WAN (internet) access. On my virtual machine implementation of this I used the following 3 packages: deluge (deluged with deluge-web), openvpn and nftables. I have used both iptables and nftables and find nftables is definitely more elegant to use. As far as I can tell there is not a Docker image that will meet m… text/html 2026-01-17T01:03:10+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker&rev=1768611790&do=diff linux docker cli installation network volume iptables nftables portainer Docker Docker is a set of platform as a service (PaaS) products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called _containers_. The service has both free and premium tiers. The software that hosts the containers is called Docker Engine text/html 2025-08-16T11:39:12+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-mailserver&rev=1755344352&do=diff linux docker mail mailserver alpine dovecot postfix sqlite s6 s6-rc Docker mailserver This mailserver setup follows Workaround's SPmail guide for Debian 12 “Bookworm”. Key changes are that instead of installing on Debian 12 virtual machine1, with a Maria mysql database2, this setup is for installation on latest Alpine linux Docker image with s6-rc init using maria database. I toyed with sqlite and basically got it functional, however the support apps do not function with sqlite, so I went ba… text/html 2026-04-03T14:43:15+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-nextcloud&rev=1775227395&do=diff linux docker nextcloud mysql mariadb Nextcloud Container Nextcloud publishes their own Docker container of Nextcloud. The Nextcloud image on Docker hub is maintained by the Nextcloud community, and is not officially supported by Nextcloud! Linuxserver.io, as well as some others also have Nextcloud containers on Docker Hub. text/html 2025-01-07T01:00:11+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-reverse-proxy&rev=1736211611&do=diff linux docker traefik reverse_proxy proxy openssl ssl certificate portainer cloudsec Reverse Proxy Server - Traefik I seem to have gotten the Traefik reverse proxy working according to Techno Tim Put Wildcard Certificates and SSL on EVERYTHING (github reference_files for traefik-portainer-ssl). Also see Jim's Garage Your Traefik Isn't Secure (JimsGarage/Traefik-Secure/ Below is a basic description of the process that aligns with my configuration files. I do this for 2 reasons, both allowing m… text/html 2025-01-05T03:25:59+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:fileshare&rev=1736047559&do=diff linux docker file_sharing share sharing syncthing privatebin File Sharing All the applications have pro and cons. This is listed at the beginning of each header. There have been considered 3 different levels of access as described by the applications used: * Nextcloud - a full privately hosted publicly accessible file shareing application, with many additional features text/html 2025-11-09T00:31:16+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:nginx-php-notes&rev=1762648276&do=diff linux docker nginx php fast-cgi php-fpm Docker nginx / php notes nginx executable I had some trouble getting nginx with php-fpm to operate. So I tried to get working a simple setup to nut-out the nuances. I got it working using php-fpm socket with Apline Linux on 2 Docker instances, one running Nginx and the other php-fpm. text/html 2025-12-23T02:48:44+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:vm-container&rev=1766458124&do=diff linux docker vm proxmox server vnc kvm libvirt selfhosted Docker Host KVM versus Proxmox I originally started using Linux KVM based VM, with QEMU and Libvirt on Ubuntu bare metal, circa 2014, this before was I was aware that Proxmox existed. Around 2020 I moved to Debian as my preferred bare metal distribution for server and desktop, I stopped using Windows as my main home desktop around this time. When I started playing around with Docker to create my own container images I preferred use of… text/html 2026-03-16T07:04:18+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:mswindows_notes&rev=1773644658&do=diff mswindows windows setup tip notes personal license powertoys KPTree - Home Desktop Setup Background I have Windows on my main desk top machine, it is dual boot with Debian/XFCE. I am using Debian almost exclusively now. The BIOS based dual boot works well, I have it defaulting to Debian. I do not currently have a Windows VM setup on my main server. My 3 sons also have computers with Windows on them. Lastly, I am required to used company Windows machines at work. Hence I like to keep a li… text/html 2025-09-20T09:35:01+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:hardware&rev=1758360901&do=diff linux router hardware Router Hardware ikoolcore-r2-max (Dec 2024) The Supermicro SYS-E200-9B has stopped working. It posts bios, but will not boot further. I suspect hardware failure of some sort. The BMC failed a few years ago. I have ordered a replacement ikoolcore-r2-max. The replacement comes with 2.5Gb/s and 10GB/s NICs and a more modern and faster 8 core text/html 2025-03-02T07:31:20+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:nftables&rev=1740900680&do=diff linux router nftables firewall NFTables Configuration The best reference for nftables is at the dedicated wiki wiki nftables. Some other references I found nftables router. The reference at stosb is good, but not for a router Explaining My Configs: nftables. Nftables Cheatsheet After a lot of experimenting the following is my NFTables router configuration file. Create the following file called: text/html 2025-05-22T08:07:33+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:ubuntu&rev=1747901253&do=diff linux router router_configuration setup debian ubuntu snap snaps switch network Router Configuration, Switch & Server Setup Router Configuration [DRAFT] A router performs the following key features: * A gateway between different network areas * Restrict network traffic * Forward Network traffic * Track network traffic, allows traffic incoming only if response to out going (one way traffic) This is primary firewall action and primary security action! This is often confused with NAT… text/html 2026-04-14T13:03:49+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:docker-compose&rev=1776171829&do=diff linux docker compose docker-compose docker_compose container network Docker-Compose * Docker Docs Compose specification, The Compose Specification Some commands: * docker-compose pull, it would seem this is required to ensure the latest image(s) is downloaded * docker-compose up -d --build --force-recreate * -d run as deamon (in background) * --build on required if the compose includes building an image text/html 2025-03-02T05:34:56+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=docker_notes:turnserver&rev=1740893696&do=diff linux docker turnserver turn server From wikipedia; Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) is a protocol that assists in traversal of network address translators (NAT) or firewalls for multimedia applications. It may be used with the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). It is most useful for clients on networks masqueraded by symmetric NAT devices. TURN does not aid in running servers on well known ports in the private network through a NAT; it supports the c… text/html 2025-09-29T11:22:11+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:dokuwiki_setup&rev=1759144931&do=diff linux wiki dokuwiki server plugin markdown dokuwiki setup notes Also see notes on setting up Docker Dokuwiki container * Dokuwiki home page * Dokuwiki Installation instructions * Upgrading Dokuwiki * DokuWiki Manual * Docuwiki maintenance * How to backup DokuWiki? * How to move DokuWiki from one Server to another? dokuwiki backup Back-ups placed here: '/media/disk1/KarlData/Karl Data 2/dokuwiki_backups/' and named KPtreeWiki-backup_yyyy-mm-dd. e.g. sudo tar zcpfv '/media/… text/html 2024-03-24T08:01:21+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:email_server&rev=1711267281&do=diff linux mail server email postfix dovecot emailserver debian ubuntu horde postfixadmin admin clamav apache roundcube webmail certbot certificate KPTree - Email Server Setup Email Server Notes Setting up the email server on my home server was probably the most difficult task. Email server setup is intricate, risky and involves significant commitment and effort to setup reliably and maintain. text/html 2023-04-30T09:43:13+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:media_vm_setup&rev=1682847793&do=diff deluge torrent server openvpn btguard nftables iptables systemd virtual machine linux ubuntu KPTree Torrent VM Setup Deluge Headless setup The main reference used is Havetheknowhow.com, specifically for the deluge headless setup, Havetheknowhow.com - How to install Deluge Headless. The Deluge support page is also a root source of knowledge Deluge systemd. Whatbox Deluge also has some interesting dialog. If installing on a virtual machine (VM) it is important to also have set up the NFS to al… text/html 2024-12-15T03:35:46+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:dns_dhcp&rev=1734233746&do=diff linux router dns dhcp bind ip ipv6 radvd host dig nslookup DHCP / DNS Setup Outdated I have moved my DNS and DHCP servers to Docker, Docker-DNS Server. I am still using ISC_Bind9, but am now using ISC_Kea for DHCP as ISC_Bind is no longer supported as of 2022. tl;dr; Further to this I am not looking at backups for both these services on my local area network. Whilst these services worked reliably well, when ever I shutdown the the router with text/html 2024-12-15T02:31:01+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:iptables&rev=1734229861&do=diff linux router firewall iptables IPTables Configuration Having delved into IPtables and NFtables about the same time, my feelings are that NFTables is generally superior in just about every way, I can not be bothered explaining this, this is just my experience and feeling. I would preferentially use NFTables over IPtables where I have a choice. Unfortunately some software still uses IPtables, e.g. Docker. So it is good to be able to be sufficiently fluent and be able to work in both at this … text/html 2024-06-23T00:14:23+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=linux_router:tc&rev=1719101663&do=diff linux router tc traffic control TC - Traffic Control The Linux kernel's network stack has network traffic control and shaping features. The iproute2 package installs the tc command to control these via the command line. Queuing controls how data is sent; receiving data is much more reactive with fewer network-oriented controls. However, since TCP/IP packets are sent using a slow start the system starts sending the packets slow and keeps sending them faster and faster until packets start getti… text/html 2025-09-29T01:29:05+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=personal:recipes&rev=1759109345&do=diff food recipes cake stollen KPTree Recipes Recipe Links Stollen: I do not like mazipan, and do not like it in Stollen. Hence these links exclude reference to recipes with marzipan. * The spice house Old-Fashioned Christmas Stollen * The Spruce German Christmas Stollen * You're Doing It Wrong: Christmas Bread * Poppyseed Stollen * Stollen (No-Knead) * Traditional German Stollen Kaesekuchen - German Cheesecake in Diana's Recipe Book German Cottage Cheese Cheesecake Ratatouille Quick G… text/html 2024-02-25T09:07:03+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:oscilloscope&rev=1708852023&do=diff oscilloscope Oscilloscope I recently purchase a small single channel digital oscilloscope, Zeeweii DSO154Pro. Typical for Chinese supply the instruction provided are terse. These are some additional notes. DSO154PRO Parameters (from suppliers manual): The accuracy above 15MHz may be such that use in this range is limited. text/html 2024-08-24T08:27:38+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:sprinklers&rev=1724488058&do=diff sprinkler inductor controller solenoid valve solenoid_valve Sprinkler Solenoid 24VAC Woes See my Home Sprinkler notes I have had many problems with my sprinkler system; decrepit failing 30 year old underground wiring, failing solenoid valves and their solenoids. Some of the old solenoid valves were replaced as they had mechanically failed. The multiple issues made it vary difficult to diagnose what was happening at any time. text/html 2025-12-29T00:06:16+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=project:surge_protector&rev=1766966776&do=diff surge surge_protector varsistor gdt mov Surge Protector I purchase ARLEC Premium Surge Protectors from Bunnings in Dec 2025 for $18.67 each (I got an additional 5% trade discount.). I tore apart a unit to see what it was made of. I was impressed with the construction and purchase a total of 6 units, including the tear down unit which I do not intent to bring back into service, plus a spare. This allows a unit to be installed in each bedroom and study, which also aligns with the household ge… text/html 2024-09-22T09:13:38+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=tech_notes:boot&rev=1726996418&do=diff linux boot uefi ventoy boot tools list drives * df -h * sudo fdisk -l * lsblk flags: * -f to get more verbose output * -o to get specific output columns, use -h option to see list of column options * blkid * ls -l /dev/disk/by-id, additional list options: text/html 2025-08-09T03:11:23+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=tech_notes:dns&rev=1754709083&do=diff Domain names, domain nameservers, DNS and DHCP Domain names, Domain nameservers, DNS and DHCP are a key part of the internet back bone. * DNS (Domain Name System) resolves the text domain names to the relevant IP (Internet Protocol) addresses. * text/html 2025-11-14T08:19:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=tech_notes:programs&rev=1763108348&do=diff programs applications pipx flatpak Programs & Applications dpkg -l dpkg -l lists all the installed programs on a Debian apt based system. There are too many to list all and many are built in system commands. Below are some that I highlight for interest and future reference to easily find on reinstall. text/html 2023-04-30T09:43:12+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=wiki:dokuwiki&rev=1682847792&do=diff DokuWiki wiki:dokuwiki DokuWiki is a simple to use and highly versatile Open Source wiki software that doesn't require a database. It is loved by users for its clean and readable Formatting Syntax. The ease of maintenance, backup and integration makes it an administrator's favorite. Built in text/html 2025-02-08T09:11:05+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:kvm&rev=1739005865&do=diff server kvm virtual command debian machine qemu virsh qcow linux command setup nbd network block device KVM Setup I original setup my main server and virual machines all with Ubuntu. However I have started using Debian and find it leaner than Ubuntu. I am slowly moving my various servers and virtual machines to Debian. * Install And Configure KVM In Ubuntu 20.04 Headless Server * Installing KVM on Debian 10 * How To Install KVM Hypervisor on Debian 12|11|10 * How to install KVM server on … text/html 2025-08-17T00:27:04+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:network_setup&rev=1755390424&do=diff network interface netplan nic setup loopback eth ethernet bridge bond networkd linux debian setup command Network Setup Most server have more than one network connection although one is technically enough. Routers by definition need to have a minimum of at least 2 network connections. It would seem that Debian Linux supports multiple methods to define network connections: text/html 2025-05-20T04:48:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:vnc_setup&rev=1747716488&do=diff linux server debian vnc setup vncserver tigervnc gnome xfce VNC Server This section is a bit of a mess and needs a clean up..... I want a simple server GUI VNC system. Sadly most the instructions on the net do not seem to meet my needs. * Install a GUI * A light desktop system, e.g. xfce * The x11 windows manager system text/html 2025-09-29T05:35:59+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:misc&rev=1759124159&do=diff linux dmesg command systemd journal journalctl tzdata timezone apt upgrade update install remove crontab man apropos tldr ip tc systemctl journalctl pbcopy pbpaste copy paste Commonly used commands and scripts dmesg sudo dmesg lists the OS boot messages between grub and os up. sudo dmesg --level=emerg,alert,crit,err,warn,notice,debug give a more succinct list of focus potential problem issues. * emerg - system is unusable text/html 2026-03-05T13:20:52+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:snapraid&rev=1772716852&do=diff snapraid linux snapraid I have been using snapraid since circa 2015 for my main first past redundancy. I have a second home server used as a backup server that weekly backs up using restic. The main snapraid commands I use are: sudo snapraid sync to sync the files that have changes since last sync. I usually do this weekly, manually. text/html 2024-03-24T06:04:40+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.kptree.net/doku.php?id=home_server:home_server_setup:other_services:vim&rev=1711260280&do=diff vim neovim command linux debian text editor setup customise customisation cheatsheet VIM Editor When using sudo vim consider sudo -E. The -E flag to retain the user environment variables for vim. VIM Customisation ~/.vimrc colorscheme desert set nocompatible syntax on set number relativenumber set autoindent expandtab tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 filetype plugin on filetype indent on set cursorline set cursorcolumn set shiftwidth=2 set tabstop=2 set expandtab