ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/
will list the disks with UUIDslsblk
to list partitions (or list block devices)lsblk -f
or blkid
to list the UUIDssudo blkid
will list data blockssudo parted -l
- to see all available partition informationsudo parted /dev/sda
- to partition the specific driveWhen in parted:
print
to see current partition informationmkpart help
to list optionmklabel gpt
to give drive label gptmkpart help mkpart
to list specific help items on mkpartmkpart primary ext4 0% 100%
to make a partition that take the full optimised drive arearm 1
to remove partition 1
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
- to format the drive
sudo vim /etc/fstab
-to edit the boot disk mount table, remember to make matching mount point directories
mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /run/media/diska
To mount a NFS manually:
sudo mount -t nfs -o rw,vers=4 192.168.1.5:/export/Disk1 /mnt/backup1
sudo mount -t nfs -o rw,vers=4 192.168.1.5:/export/Disk2 /mnt/backup2
Where:
-t nfs
: type nfs-o
: options, options are separated by commas with no spacesrw
: read / writevers=4
: version 4 of nfs192.168.1.5:/export/Disk1
is the remote exported NFS mount point/mnt/backup1
: is the local mount point, note this directory must exist, ideally empty, any existing contents are usually invisible and otherwise ignored
sudo umount /run/media/diska
sudo vim /etc/fstab
My main server has a parity disk that is normally only is used once a week. I would like to place this hard disk in to stand-by to reduce power and wear and tear upon it.
sudo smartctl -i -n standby /dev/sdb
will chack the HD activity mode. It does this without starting up the drive, which hdparm may do.sudo hdparm -y /dev/sdb
sets the HD into standby modeTo for the HD into standby mode after reboot and set the standby time crate and use an on boot systemd service.
/etc/systemd/system/hdparm.service
Some tips:
whereis hdparm
to confirm where the command is installed.sudo apt install hdparm
to install if requiredsudo systemctl daemon-reload
after modifying or creating a new systemd service to update systemd configurationsudo systemctl status hdparm.service
to see status of service and enable if required.idle3-tools provides a linux/unix utility that can disable, get and set the value of the infamous idle3 timer found on recent Western Digital Hard Disk Drives.