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tech_notes:linux_commands [2025-05-24 Sat wk21 15:54] – baumkptech_notes:linux_commands [2026-03-22 Sun wk12 09:59] (current) – [ncdu] baumkp
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 +{{tag>CLI Commands}}
 ======Linux CLI Commands====== ======Linux CLI Commands======
 +Various Linux CLI (Command Line Interface) Commands with examples and grouped by type
  
-<- tech_notes:web_browsers|back ^ tech_notes:index|Start page ^ tech_notes:alpine|next->+=====File System===== 
 + 
 +====Find specific file types==== 
 +  *Using ''ls'': 
 +    *''ls -lhaF | grep ^l''   # list links 
 +    *''ls -lhaF | grep ^d''   # list directories 
 +    *''ls -lhaF | grep ^-''   # list files 
 + 
 +  *using ''find'': 
 +    *''find . -type l -ls'' 
 +    *''find . -maxdepth 1 -type l -ls'' to process the current directory only, i.e. not recurse. 
 + 
 +References: 
 +  *[[https://askubuntu.com/questions/522051/how-to-list-all-symbolic-links-in-a-directory|How to list all symbolic links in a directory]] 
 +  *[[https://mywiki.wooledge.org/ParsingLs|Why you shouldn't parse the output of ls(1)]] 
 +====check file system size==== 
 + 
 +===du=== 
 +Estimate file space usage 
 +  *''du -hd1 /file_path''  lists and summaries directories sizes under /file_path 1 directory deep, where: 
 +    *''-d'' set the reporting depth flag 
 +    *''-h'' set human readable format 
 +  *''du -s /tmp /var'' lists the summary of directories /var and /tmp only, where: 
 +    * ''-s'' set summaries  
 +  * ''%%sudo du -hd1 --exclude={/mnt,/run,/proc} /%%'' to check root (/). 
 +    * It is important to exclude the noted directories as they are temporary or external drives.  Note I mount my external drives within ''/mnt''.  This speed up performance and remove errors and associated messages, decluttering the output. 
 +===ncdu=== 
 +ncdu is a 'smart' version of du.  It needs to be specifically installed, e.g. ''sudo apt install ncdu''. 
 +  *''ncdu'' on the current directory 
 +  *''%%ncdu --exclude-kernfs --exclude /mnt /%%''  to check root (/) directory excluding system and mounts  
 + 
 +===df=== 
 +df - report file system space usage 
 +  * ''df -h'' prints file system and spage usage in human readable format 
 + 
 +===duf=== 
 +duf - disk usage / Free utility, an updated version of df utility.  It needs to be specifically installed, e.g. ''sudo apt install duf''. 
 +  * ''duf'' 
 + 
 +=====Devices===== 
 + 
 +====lshw==== 
 +Command to list hardware configuration parameters. 
 +  *''sudo lshw -short'' list hardware in short form. 
 +  *''sudo lshw -c cpu'' lists the cpu hardware, the following device types can be listed 
 +    *system 
 +    *bridge 
 +    *memory 
 +    *processor 
 +    *address 
 +    *storage 
 +    *disk 
 +    *tape 
 +    *bus 
 +    *network 
 +    *display 
 +    *input 
 +    *printer 
 +    *multimedia 
 +    *communication 
 +    *power 
 +    *volume 
 +    *generic 
 + 
 +====man==== 
 +  *''apropos'' 
 +  *''%%man 5 crontab%%'' or ''%%man 'crontab(5)'%%'' will specifically list the man for contab(5) 
 +  * 
 + 
 +====crontab==== 
 +''sudo crontab -e'' can be used to safely  
 +=====Networking Specific===== 
 + 
 + 
 +<- tech_notes:programs|back ^ tech_notes:index|Start page ^ tech_notes:alpine|next->